Ethnic Identification and School Language of Russian-speaking Students in Estonia

Multiple languages, multiple identities? Children's language characteristics and their ethnic and national identification

“…However, the majority of the studies focusing on the link between language and forms of cultural identity have focused either on ethnic identification or on national identification (see e.g. de Vroome, Verkuyten, and Martinovic (2018); Kemppainen, Hilton, and Rannut (2015)). One study that has incorporated both types of identification indicates that language characteristics affect ethnic and national identification in different ways.…”

Creativity in the University Teaching of the Russian Language in the Republic of Serbia

“…В связи с этим русский язык представлен в учебных программах во всех уровнях образования и во многих странах мира [8]. Его значение явно возрастает в странах, где он ранее был обязательным предметом, как например, в бывших республиках СССР [7,4] В эмпирической части исследования было установлено, что студенты имеют идентичные оценки о зависимости эффективности учебно-воспитательного процесса от творчества преподавателей при обучении студентов русскому языку. Было установлено, что на оценку студентов не оказывает влияние год/курс учебы и их общая успеваемость.…”

Ius Soli, Ius Sanguinis, Ius Linguae, or Ius Mundi: Living, Understanding, and Building Transnational Citizenship in a Transnational Multilingual Family in the U.S

“…Kemppainen and colleagues (2015) report that Russian-language schools support the preservation of the Russian language in Estonia and strongly contribute to the maintenance of ethnic identification among the Russian population. Most importantly, their survey research also showed that the ethnic identification of children is strictly bipolar, without tendency towards multilingualism (Kemppainen, Hilton, & Rannut, 2015). They either identify as Estonians or Russians.…”

“…In 1991, after the breakup of the Soviet Union, about 35% of the population had Russian as their first language, and 34 % of this number were ethnically Russian (Pavlenko, 2006). Today 25% of population identifies themselves as ethnic Russians, as of June (3) A public school immersion program, introduced in the early 2000s, -a bilingual school with both Russian and Estonian as languages of instruction (Kemppainen, Hilton, & Rannut, 2015).…”