Evaluation of the Archiannelid Dinophilus Gyrociliatus for Use in Short-Term Life-Cycle Toxicity Tests

Abstract

The use of the archiannelid Dinophilus gyrociliatus 0. Schmidt in short-term (7 to 10 d) life-cycle tests with reference toxicants and industrial effluents was evaluated. Culture techniques and test protocols were developed and evaluated. The life history of this archiannelid was also studied and is described. Because this species has a very short life cycle (10 d from juvenile to juvenile at 2OoC and 30%0 salinity), reproductive information can be obtained during a short-term test. The results of tests with industrial effluents and reference toxicants indicate that this species is suitable for toxicity testing and appears to be quite sensitive to the industrial effluents tested in this study. The animals are easily cultured and the testing procedure requires very little time for setup and maintenance (1 to 2 h/d). It has been determined that reproductive information can be obtained during a 7-d test that starts with newly emerged juveniles.

An evaluation of candidate measures of biological effects for the National Status and Trends Program / Edward R. Long and Michael F. Buchman.

“…This species had been used to test the toxicity of dissolved contaminants and effluents. Because of its short life cycle, the species can be used to quickly determine effects upon reproductive success (Carr et al, 1986) The survival of D. gyrociliatus was found to be relatively resistant to Endosulfan and pentachlorophenol, but egg production was observed to be sensitive to complex effluents and pentachlorophenol (Carr et al, 1986). In this evaluation, survival also was insensitive However, egg production was sensitive to about one-third of the samples tested.…”

“…Laboratory bioassay data with spiked sediments indicate that sediment toxicity is more highly correlated with interstitial (pore) water contamination than with total sediment concentrations of toxicants (DiToro, in press). This toxicity test had been developed and applied in bioassays of effluents and single chemicals in water (Carr et al, 1986), but had not been used previously in sediment quality assessments.…”

Demographic Responses of the Polychaete Dinophilus Gyrociliatus to Chromium Exposure

“…I and S. benedicti, have a longer life cycle and greater fecundity so that the collection of demographic data could be complicated and time consuming [6,7]. Furthermore, D. gyrociliatus is widely distributed, can be easily bred in the laboratory, and responds to a large variety of pollutants [4,5,15,16,20,24]. It thus appears to be an appropriate test organism to study the effect, both on individuals and on the population, of toxic substances or other environmental variables that characterize lagoons, harbors, and other polluted coastal areas.…”

“…Dinophilus gyrociliatus (Polychaeta: Dinophilidae) is an interstitial polychaete that inhabits harbor habitats. This species, which is small and has a short life cycle, is considered a good candidate for ecotoxicological tests and an indicator species in polluted marine environments, such as brackish habitats and harbors [15,16]. The female adults (1-1.2 mm in length) lay capsules containing large female-type eggs ([FE], diameter 80-100 m) and small male-type eggs ([ME], diameter 40 m) that develop, respectively, into females and males.…”

Determinação da toxicidade aguda de cloreto de amônia para uma espécie de peixe (Hyphessobrycon callistus) indicadora regional

“…A resposta incorpora a soma de todos os estresses a que o organismo é submetido, bem como sua capacidade de compensação 1 . Essas respostas podem ser avaliadas por meio de experimentos de laboratório genericamente denominados "testes de toxicidade".…”