Evaporative cooling in the rat: effects of partial desalivation

Hainsworth, F. Reed; Em, Stricker

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1969.217.2.494

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Thus, we have indirectly estimated the flow of saliva by the determination of the changes in body weight. Indeed, the loss of body weight during heat exposure is largely rcduced after removal of the submaxillary glands (Hainsworth & Stricker, 1969;1972;Damas, 1993;1994a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondly, when the body temperature is above 39"C, they produce a large flow of saliva that they spread on their fur to increase evaporative loss (Hainsworth, 1968;Berg et al, 1990;Yanase et al, 1991). The submaxillary glands, which are very rich in tissue kallikrein (Orstavik, 1978), are the main effector organs of this thermolytic salivation (Hainsworth & Stricker, 1969;1972). This heat-induced salivation represents, thus, a model of a physiological stimulation of rat salivary glands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermolytic salivation, substance P and kinins in rats

Damas

1995

Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry

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In the heat, rats produce a large flow of saliva that they spread on their fur. We have tested whether substance P (SP) is involved in this response by using RP 67580, a NK1 tachykinin receptor antagonist, in normal and in kininogen-deficient rats. In anaesthetized rats, the sialogogic effect of SP (1 and 5 micrograms.kg-1 iv) was inhibited by RP 67580 (50 to 2500 micrograms.kg-1 iv). SP (5 micrograms.kg-1 iv) did not modify the vascular permeability to 125I-labelled albumin in submaxillary glands but increased this permeability in periglandular soft tissues and in the ears. This effect was suppressed by RP 67580 (50 to 2500 micrograms.kg-1 ip). Unanaesthetized normal male Wistar rats were exposed to ambient temperatures of 26 degrees C (thermoneutral range) or 36 degrees C for one hour. After this time period, a loss of body weight was observed. The thermolytic water loss reached 2% of body weight. This body weight loss was reduced by atropine (3 mg.kg-1 ip) or RP 67580 (50 to 2500 micrograms.kg-1 ip). The submaxillary glands were swollen and accumulated labelled albumin. This accumulation was reduced by atropine but was not affected by RP 67580. An extravasation of labelled albumin occurred in periglandular tissues. This accumulation was not modified by atropine which induced a large oedema of the soft tissues. Protein extravasation was suppressed by RP 67580 (2500 micrograms.kg-1) which did not modify or increased the volume of the oedema.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermolytic salivation, substance P and kinins in rats

Damas

1995

Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry

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“…On the other hand, the studies of saliva-spreading behaviour during thermal stimulation (Roberts & Martin, 1974;Roberts & Mooney, 1974;Tanaka et al 1986) lacked simultaneous measurement of salivary secretion. Hainsworth & Stricker (1969, 1972 reported that desalivated rats cannot adequately regulate body temperature in a hot environment. According to their results, rats whose parotid glands were ligated could control body temperature and survive in a hot environment just as well as normal rats, but rats whose submandibular and sublingual glands were ligated could not sufficiently regulate body temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary secretion and grooming behaviour during heat exposure in freely moving rats.

Yanase

Kanosue

Yasuda

et al. 1991

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. At neutral (24°C) and at hot (40°C) ambient temperatures (TR) salivary secretion from the submandibular gland of freely moving rats was recorded, together with simultaneous observation of saliva-spreading behaviour (grooming).2. At a Ta of 24°C, basal salivary flow was less than 2 /tl/min. When rats were first placed in the experimental chamber, brief grooming bouts often occurred. Transient secretion at more than 10 ,l/min was associated with this grooming, and the rate of salivary flow was positively correlated with the duration of grooming activity.3. At a Ta of 40°C, grooming appeared frequently and salivary secretion at more than 20 u1/min continued even between grooming bouts. Threshold rectal temperatures (Tre) for thermally induced grooming (38-2 + 0-2°C) and for salivary secretion (38-2 + 01°C) were similar, and for eleven of sixteen rats the two thresholds coincided.4. At the threshold Tle both the rate of salivary secretion and the duration of grooming increased in a stepwise fashion. Above the threshold, there was no correlation between the duration of grooming and the rate of salivary flow.5. Thermally induced salivary secretion and grooming behaviour appear to be controlled by independent mechanisms.

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“…The disappearance of T P in PTrats suggests that at this high level of body temperature propranolol blocked triggering of additional thermolytic mechanisms. This assumption is supported by the fact that PT-rats salivate to much lesser degree than ST-rats and thus they are comparable to desalivated rats, which also do not tolerate high temperature (HAINSWORTH & STRICKER, 1969;LIPTON & MAROTTO, 1969). The marked changes in HP, observed in both experimental groups, may be associated with the differences in behaviour, spontaneous muscular activity and activity of the sympatho-adrenal system alike.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Tolerance to heat of rats treated by β-blocker. Rôle of submaxillary salivary glands

Davidović

Ratković

Tatic

1985

Archives Internationales de Physiologie et de Biochimie

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Effect of beta-adrenoceptor blockade on the changes in rectal temperature (RT), heat production (HP) and noradrenaline (NA) concentration in the submaxillary salivary glands (SMSG) of rats exposed to heat (45 degrees C) was studied. Propranolol (P) (15 mg/kg i.p.) decreased the tolerance to heat. The survival time of propranolol-treated (PT) rats was 30 min shorter. The temperature curve of control rats exposed to heat can be divided into three phases: a rapid rise in RT; a plateau (TP) and a prelethal increase. In PT animals, under identical conditions, TP disappears and RT further rises accelerating death. In the initial phase of heat exposure, HP was markedly decreased to the same extent in both experimental groups; but after 20 min HP increases in PT rats. The content of NA from SMSG both in the initial phase and in the TP phase is modified in PT rats.

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Evaporative cooling in the rat: effects of partial desalivation

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Thermolytic salivation, substance P and kinins in rats

Thermolytic salivation, substance P and kinins in rats

Salivary secretion and grooming behaviour during heat exposure in freely moving rats.

Tolerance to heat of rats treated by β-blocker. Rôle of submaxillary salivary glands

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