Evidence for a dissociation between cardiovascular and behavioral reactivity in the spontaneously hypertensive rat

Svensson, Lennart; Harthon, Christina; Linder, Birgit

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(91)90298-3

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…As far as the effects of hypertension are concerned, data with the 9-month-old groups support the suggestion that this pathologic condition impairs learning and memory [45][46][47][48]. Moreover, SHR have been shown to display a severe deficit in attention and learning [45][46][47][48][49][50]. Differences in the rates of conditioned response observed between WKY and SHR decreased with age as WKY and SHR of 18 and 24 months of age were practically unable to learn and recall.…”

Section: Effects Of Aging and Hypertension On Learning And Memorysupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Compared with WKY groups, SHR displayed smaller conditioning decrements during retraining. As far as the effects of hypertension are concerned, data with the 9-month-old groups support the suggestion that this pathologic condition impairs learning and memory [45][46][47][48]. Moreover, SHR have been shown to display a severe deficit in attention and learning [45][46][47][48][49][50].…”

Section: Effects Of Aging and Hypertension On Learning And Memorymentioning

confidence: 52%

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Spontaneously hypertensive rat as a model of vascular brain disorder: Microanatomy, neurochemistry and behavior

Tayebati¹,

Tomassoni²,

Amenta³

2012

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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Section: Effects Of Aging and Hypertension On Learning And Memorysupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Effects Of Aging and Hypertension On Learning And Memorymentioning

confidence: 52%

Spontaneously hypertensive rat as a model of vascular brain disorder: Microanatomy, neurochemistry and behavior

Tayebati¹,

Tomassoni²,

Amenta³

2012

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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“…2,13,15,18 -23 In the case of SHR, diverse authors have reported hyperactivity, hyperreactivity, lower levels of anxiety, and a decrement of habituation capabilities, 8,11,12,24 -37 as well as severe deficit in attention and decreased learning ability in different behavioral tasks. 2,3,8,11,12,18,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] On the other hand, it has been suggested that the behavioral changes observed in SHR reflect a decreased ability to deal with threatening situations. 18,22,25,28,32 Therefore, the use of the autoshaping test as a nonthreatening behavioral task is completely justified.…”

Section: Cognitive Deficits Induced By Hypertension and Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Meneses

Hong

1998

Hypertension

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Abstract-Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) of 3 to 12 months of age learned and retrieved less information than normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), although no difference was found with animals from 18 and 24 months of age. The combined influence of hypertension and aging had an additive detrimental effect on cognitive functions. Notwithstanding these deficiencies in learning and memory, SHR have seldom been used as a model in the screening of drugs with therapeutic potential for treatment of disorders of cognitive processes. Moreover, the calcium channel blocker nimodipine has beneficial effects on learning in both aged and hypertensive animals and humans. However, no attempt has been made to investigate whether nimodipine can reverse the additive deleterious effects of aging and hypertension in the same subject. We recently reported that deteriorated animals (middle-aged and/or hypertensive) chronically treated with nimodipine (via osmotic minipumps) exhibit higher learning scores. This information indicates that nimodipine can reverse the impairing effects of either aging or hypertension on learning; the presence of the two conditions, however, produces a severe impairment that can be partially reversed by this drug. Therefore, we propose that mature and middle-aged SHR represent a model for the screening of potentially useful drugs in the treatment of learning disorders, probably associated with hypertension and/or aging. Nevertheless, it must be remembered that the SHR is a genetic model and the appearance of neural disturbances could be a parallel genetic phenomenon and not necessarily or exclusively related to hypertension per se. (Hypertension. 1998;31:968-972.)Key Words: rats, inbred SHR Ⅲ learning Ⅲ memory Ⅲ aging Ⅲ pharmacology Ⅲ models A great expansion of experimental research began with the development of rat strains with genetically inherited hypertension. The SHR offers specific and uniform genetic predisposition, 1 thus allowing the study of the causes, mechanisms, and pathology of hypertension, as well as its behavioral consequences, and the comparison of the efficacy of proposed therapeutic interventions in relation to existing clinical treatments. Moreover, central neurohormonal mechanisms constitute the dominating trigger influence in SHR 1 and provide a model of hypertension that allows the study of the combined influence of both aging and hypertension on cognitive and physical functions on different developmental stages.2,3 Notwithstanding, the SHR is a genetic model, and the appearance of neural disturbances could be a parallel genetic phenomenon and not necessarily or exclusively related to the elevated blood pressure per se. Normal aging also produces a slow decline in neuron population, tissue distensibility, basal metabolic rate, and oxygen consumption, thus affecting cardiovascular performance. The aim of the present work was to present evidence obtained in our laboratory supporting the idea that the SHR is a suitable behavioral model to test drugs with potential therapeutic us...

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“…Hindlimb proprioceptive placing re¯ex. Rat was grasped around its chest and positioned adjacent to the surface of the Acoustic startle response as a model of acoustic stress 24 The acoustic startle response (ASR) device that produces a non-habituated response from rats was built in the Academic Instrumentation Unit of the University of Durban-Westville, according to the model proposed by L. Svensson. 25 The device is housed in a soundproofed aluminium enclosure that reduces background noise.…”

Section: Visual Localization (Visually Triggered Placing)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress and salt intake: experimental data on Dahl saltresistant and saltsensitive rats

1998

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The objective of the study was to evaluate the susceptibility of genetically predisposed to salt sensitivity Dahl rats to psychological stress and the effect of sodium ion on stress development. After weaning, Dahl salt‐resistant (DR) and two groups of salt‐sensitive (DS) rats were fed low‐Na (0.5 per cent NaCI) and high‐Na (8 per cent NaCI) diets for 2 months. A constellation of sensorimotor and behavioural tests were employed. The psychological stress was produced using a new model of acoustic startle device. DS weanling rats showed significantly increased sensorimotor reactivity, increased emotionality and increased sensitivity to acoustic stress, as compared to DR weanling rats. All the above parameters were exaggerated after 2‐month Na loading: there was a significant decrease in the latency of the stressful response and increased magnitude of the hypertensive response to auditory stress. Blood pressure of Na‐loaded DS rats increased by 43 per cent after auditory stress, as compared to 18 per cent increase in the Na‐restricted rats. The effect of Na ion was mediated by an increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). The chronic effect of Na restriction showed reduced SNS responsiveness and diminished neurohumoral reserve to maintain cardiovascular homeostasis. Risks of both Na loading and Na depletion in sodium sensitivity were discussed. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Evidence for a dissociation between cardiovascular and behavioral reactivity in the spontaneously hypertensive rat

Cited by 22 publications

References 21 publications

Spontaneously hypertensive rat as a model of vascular brain disorder: Microanatomy, neurochemistry and behavior

Spontaneously hypertensive rat as a model of vascular brain disorder: Microanatomy, neurochemistry and behavior

Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Stress and salt intake: experimental data on Dahl saltresistant and saltsensitive rats

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Evidence for a dissociation between cardiovascular and behavioral reactivity in the spontaneously hypertensive rat

Cited by 22 publications

References 21 publications

Spontaneously hypertensive rat as a model of vascular brain disorder: Microanatomy, neurochemistry and behavior

Spontaneously hypertensive rat as a model of vascular brain disorder: Microanatomy, neurochemistry and behavior

Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Stress and salt intake: experimental data on Dahl salt­resistant and salt­sensitive rats

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Stress and salt intake: experimental data on Dahl saltresistant and saltsensitive rats