Evidence for Tunisian-Like Pestiviruses Presence in Small Ruminants in Italy Since 2007

Ciulli, Sara; Purpari, Giuseppa; Agnello, Stefano; Marco, Patrizia Di; Bella, Santina Di; Volpe, Enrico; Mira, Francesco; Pinheiro, Ana Cristina De Aguiar Saldanha; Vullo, S.; Guercio, Annalisa

doi:10.1111/tbed.12498

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Surprisingly, BDV was not detected in any pooled samples, which was unexpected based on previous studies reporting the circulation in Italian small ruminants of different BDV clusters (Rosamilia et al., ; Giammarioli et al., b; Peletto et al., ), as well as of Tunisian‐like pestiviruses (Ciulli et al., ). Albeit surprising, this absence of circulation of pestiviruses other than BVDV in sheep and goat flocks in Calabria was confirmed by a nested PCR assay using a BDV‐specific primer (Sullivan and Akkina, ) and by sequence analysis of the 5′UTR region of the detected pestivirus strains.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

“…In Italian cattle population, BVDV‐1 strains have been detected in the last 20 years (Giammarioli et al., ), while BVDV‐2 has been found only sporadically (Luzzago et al., ; Decaro et al., ). Circulation of BVDV‐2 in small ruminants has been observed in the past (Pratelli et al., ; Giangaspero and Harasawa, ), but since then only BDV and BVDV‐1 strains have been detected in sheep and goats (Ciulli et al., ; Giammarioli et al., , ; Rosamilia et al., ; Peletto et al., ). Very recently, Tunisian‐like pestiviruses have been detected in small ruminants in Sicily (Ciulli et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Circulation of BVDV‐2 in small ruminants has been observed in the past (Pratelli et al., ; Giangaspero and Harasawa, ), but since then only BDV and BVDV‐1 strains have been detected in sheep and goats (Ciulli et al., ; Giammarioli et al., , ; Rosamilia et al., ; Peletto et al., ). Very recently, Tunisian‐like pestiviruses have been detected in small ruminants in Sicily (Ciulli et al., ). BVDV‐2 was first isolated in the USA from an outbreak of a severe disease of cattle, known as haemorrhagic syndrome (Pellerin et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence for Circulation of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus Type 2c in Ruminants in Southern Italy

Decaro

Lucente

Lanave

et al. 2016

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Recently, bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 2c (BVDV-2c) was responsible for a severe outbreak in cattle in northern Europe. Here, we present the results of an epidemiological survey for pestiviruses in ruminants in southern Italy. Pooled serum samples were obtained from 997 bovine, 800 ovine, 431 caprine and eight bubaline farms, and pestiviral RNA was detected by molecular methods in 44 farms consisting of 16 cattle and one buffalo herds and of 21 sheep and six goat flocks. Twenty-nine and 15 farms were infected by BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 strains, respectively. BVDV-1 strains were recovered mainly from cattle and were heterogeneous, belonging to the subtypes 1b, 1u, 1e, 1g and 1h. In contrast, all BVDV-2 viruses but two were detected in sheep or goats and were characterized as BVDV-2c by sequence analysis of 5'UTR. These strains displayed high genetic identity to BVDV-2c circulating in cattle in northern Europe and were more distantly related to a BVDV-2c isolate recovered from a cattle herd in southern Italy more than 10 years before. The circulation of a BVDV-2c in small ruminants suggests the need for a continuous surveillance for the emergence of pestivirus-induced clinical signs in southern Italian farms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence for Circulation of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus Type 2c in Ruminants in Southern Italy

Decaro

Lucente

Lanave

et al. 2016

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…▲ : Isolates from different clusters, but given the same name. References (I): [21,49,114,115,116]; (II): [41,49]; (III): [117]; (IV): [118]; (V): [119,120]; (VI): [52]; (VII): [21,49,121]; (VIII): [122,123,124,125,126]; (IX): [21]; (X): [127,128,129]; (XI): [21,49,130,131,132,133,134,135,136,137,138,139,140]; (XII): [141]; (XIII): [142,143]; (XIV): [144]; (XV): [21,49,52]; (XVI): [145,146]; (XVII): [21,40,147,148,149,150,151,152]; (XVIII): [153]; (XIX): [9,154,155,156]; (XX): [157,158,159,160,161,162]; (XXI): […”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Variability and Global Distribution of Subgenotypes of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus

Yeşilbağ

Alpay

Becher

2017

Viruses

208

250

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Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a globally-distributed agent responsible for numerous clinical syndromes that lead to major economic losses. Two species, BVDV-1 and BVDV-2, discriminated on the basis of genetic and antigenic differences, are classified in the genus Pestivirus within the Flaviviridae family and distributed on all of the continents. BVDV-1 can be segregated into at least twenty-one subgenotypes (1a–1u), while four subgenotypes have been described for BVDV-2 (2a–2d). With respect to published sequences, the number of virus isolates described for BVDV-1 (88.2%) is considerably higher than for BVDV-2 (11.8%). The most frequently-reported BVDV-1 subgenotype are 1b, followed by 1a and 1c. The highest number of various BVDV subgenotypes has been documented in European countries, indicating greater genetic diversity of the virus on this continent. Current segregation of BVDV field isolates and the designation of subgenotypes are not harmonized. While the species BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 can be clearly differentiated independently from the portion of the genome being compared, analysis of different genomic regions can result in inconsistent assignment of some BVDV isolates to defined subgenotypes. To avoid non-conformities the authors recommend the development of a harmonized system for subdivision of BVDV isolates into defined subgenotypes.

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“…In Italy, BD‐like syndromes were firstly observed in the 1990s (Buonavoglia, Marsilio, Tempesta, Buonavoglia, & Cavalli, ), and thereafter, numerous field cases of clinical disease caused by pestiviruses were reported in sheep, goats and chamois, mostly characterized by abortion and poor viability of newborn animals (Caruso et al, ; Ciulli et al, ; De Mia, Greiser‐Wilke, Feliziani, Giammarioli, & Giuseppe, ; Giammarioli, La Rocca, Steinbach, Casciari, & Mia, ; Giammarioli et al, ; Peletto et al, ). Recently, the isolation of a novel pestivirus detected in aborted lamb foetuses was repeatedly reported on a farm in northern Italy (Sozzi et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological relationship between a novel ovine pestivirus and classical swine fever virus

Casciari

Sozzi

Bazzucchi

et al. 2020

Transbound Emerg Dis

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The genus Pestivirus comprises globally distributed members of the family Flaviviridae, which cause severe losses in livestock. The most common species of the genus are bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 1 (BVDV‐1) and type 2 (BVDV‐2), classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and border disease virus (BDV). Recently, a novel ovine pestivirus was repeatedly detected in aborted lamb foetuses on a farm located in the Brescia Province (Italy). Complete genome characterization of this isolate showed that it was highly divergent from known pestivirus species and that it was genetically closely related to CSFV. The aim of this study was to determine the serological relatedness between the identified novel pestivirus and BVDV, BDV and CSFV selected strains for which homologous serum was available, by antigenic characterization performed using cross‐neutralization assays. The serological relatedness was expressed as the coefficient of antigenic similarity (R). Both field and specific antisera raised against the ovine pestivirus neutralized the CSFV reference strain Diepholz with titres significantly higher than those specific for the BDV and BVDV strains. Furthermore, the calculated R values clearly indicated that the novel ovine pestivirus is antigenically more related to CSFV than to ruminant pestiviruses, in agreement with the results of the genomic analysis. This would have severe consequences on CSFV serology in the event of a switch to porcine hosts with implications for CSFV surveillance and porcine health management.

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Evidence for Tunisian-Like Pestiviruses Presence in Small Ruminants in Italy Since 2007

Cited by 18 publications

References 35 publications

Evidence for Circulation of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus Type 2c in Ruminants in Southern Italy

Evidence for Circulation of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus Type 2c in Ruminants in Southern Italy

Variability and Global Distribution of Subgenotypes of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus

Serological relationship between a novel ovine pestivirus and classical swine fever virus

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