Exogenous enzymes in monogastric nutrition — their current value and future benefits

Bedford, M.R.

doi:10.1016/s0377-8401(00)00155-3

Cited by 471 publications

(309 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Moreover, in the process of depolymerizing arabinoxylans, the major non-starch polysaccharide fraction in wheat, xylanases may produce xylose and xylo-oligomers (Christov et al, 1997;Valenzuela et al, 2010). These enzyme hydrolysis products are similar to prebiotics and may facilitate the proliferation of specific beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus (Monsan & Paul, 1995;Bedford, 2000) to indirectly suppress proliferation of certain pathogenic species including C. perfringens (Gibson & Roberfroid, 1995), but no direct evidence about this was available. Regarding the effects of xylanase supplementation on NE incidence, few reports in the literature are found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the non-starch polysaccharide hydrolysis products may serve as prebiotics (Monsan & Paul, 1995;Bedford, 2000) and indirectly prohibit the growth of certain pathogenic species including C. perfringens (Gibson & Roberfroid, 1995;Engberg et al, 2004). In addition, xylanase supplementation in wheat-based diets was found to change the profile of mucin types in the small intestine of chicks (Sharma et al, 1997), which suggested that manipulating the mucin profile by enzyme addition in chicken diets may protect the intestinal mucosa from NE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Xylanase supplementation to a wheat-based diet alleviated the intestinal mucosal barrier impairment of broiler chickens challenged byClostridium perfringens

Liu

Guo

2012

Avian Pathology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xylanase supplementation to a wheat-based diet alleviated the intestinal mucosal barrier impairment of broiler chickens challenged byClostridium perfringens

Liu

Guo

2012

Avian Pathology

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“…However, a reduction in digesta viscosity decreases total tract transit time and microbial proliferation resulting in a negative effect on fermentation in the large intestine (Bach Knudsen and Hansen, 1991) and on the beneficial pre-biotic properties of the b-glucan (O'Connell et al, 2005). However, there is also evidence that xylanase supplementation promotes the growth of Bifidobacterium in pigs (O'Connell et al, 2005) and in poultry (Bedford, 2000).…”

Section: Wheatmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of cereal type and enzyme addition on pig performance, intestinal microflora, and ammonia and odour emissions

Garry

Fogarty

Curran

et al. 2007

Animal

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Two 2 £ 2 factorial experiments were conducted to investigate the interaction between cereal type (wheat v. barley) and exogenous enzyme supplementation (with or without) on odour and ammonia emissions (experiment 1) and growth performance (experiment 2) in grower-finisher pigs. The enzyme supplement used contained endo-1, 3 (4) -b-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.6) and endo-1, 4 -b-xylanase (E.C 3.2.1.8). The diets were formulated to contain similar levels of net energy (9.8 MJ/kg) and lysine (10.0 g/kg). The experimental treatments were as follows: (1) wheat-based diet, (2) wheat-based diet containing a b-glucanase and b-xylanase mixed enzyme supplement, (3) barley-based diet and (4) barley-based diet containing a b-glucanase and bxylanase mixed enzyme supplement. In experiment 1, the diets were offered to the pigs for 23 days in sealed pens (eight pigs per pen) and this was repeated four times (n ¼ 4). Odour and ammonia emissions were measured on days 9, 11, 14, 16, 21 and 23 of each replicate period. Odour samples were collected in 20-l Nalophan bags and analysed for odour concentration using an ECOMA Yes/No Olfactometer. Ammonia concentrations in the ventilation air were measured using Drä ger tubes. In experiment 2, 220 pigs were group fed in mixed sex pens using single-space feeders (11 pigs per feeder, six boars and five gilts) (n ¼ 5). There was a cereal £ enzyme interaction in odour emission rates, ammonia emissions and selected microbial populations in the caecum and colon (P , 0.05). The addition of an enzyme supplement to the barley-based diet increased both odour and ammonia emission, however the addition of an enzyme to the wheat-based diet decreased ammonia emission rates and had no effect on odour emission. Pigs offered the unsupplemented barley-based diet had a significantly (P , 0.05) lower population of Enterobacteriaceae spp. and a higher population of Bifidobacteria spp. compared with enzyme-supplemented barley diets. However, there was no effect of enzyme supplementation in wheat-based diets. In the performance experiment, neither cereal type nor enzyme inclusion had an effect on pig performance or carcass characteristics. In conclusion, the inclusion of an enzyme mix to barley-based diets increased odour and ammonia emissions, while the addition of an enzyme mix to wheat-based diets decreased ammonia emissions.

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“…Plant feed ingredients contain considerable number of components that cannot be digested efficiently by animals, and display antinutritional properties (Bedford 2000). Phytic acid (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate) is the main storage form of phosphorus (P) in cereals, legumes and oilseeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular phytase from Aspergillus niger CFR 335: purification and characterization

Gunashree

Venkateswaran

2014

J Food Sci Technol

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Phytase, that is extensively used as a feed additive is capable of hydrolyzing phytic acid, an antinutrient found in about 60-80 % of all the plant commodities. This enzyme improves the bioavailability of essential minerals such as Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , P, Zn 2+ , Fe 3+ , that are bound to phytic acid. An extracellular phytase from a local fungal isolate, Aspergillus niger CFR 335 was purified to homogeneity through a threestep column chromatography using DEAE-Sephadex anion exchanger. An active fraction of the enzyme was obtained with NaCl gradient of 2.5 M in DEAE Sephadex column. The enzyme was purified up to 16 fold with a yield of 28.5 %. Substrate specificity studies revealed a highest specific activity of 32.6±3.1 U/mg for sodium phytate with the K m value of 0.08±0.1 mM. The molecular weight of the enzyme was 66 kDa with an optimum temperature of 30°C and pH 4.5. Up to 80 % of the activity was retained even after storing the enzyme for 6 months at 4°C.

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Exogenous enzymes in monogastric nutrition — their current value and future benefits

Cited by 471 publications

References 53 publications

Xylanase supplementation to a wheat-based diet alleviated the intestinal mucosal barrier impairment of broiler chickens challenged byClostridium perfringens

Xylanase supplementation to a wheat-based diet alleviated the intestinal mucosal barrier impairment of broiler chickens challenged byClostridium perfringens

The effect of cereal type and enzyme addition on pig performance, intestinal microflora, and ammonia and odour emissions

Extracellular phytase from Aspergillus niger CFR 335: purification and characterization

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