Exothermicity in wood torrefaction and its impact on product mass yields: From micro to pilot scale

Cavagnol, Sofien Mohamed; Roesler, J. F.; Sanz, Elena; Nastoll, Willi; Lü, Peng; Perré, Patrick

doi:10.1002/cjce.22128

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…On the base of estimated k values, the activation energy of MSC torrefaction, reaching about 22.3 kJ•mol −1 , was determined (Table 3). The obtained E a value is low in comparison with typical woody biomass, where, for example, for beech and spruce, these values are 150 and 155 kJ•mol −1 , respectively[55], for willow from 46 to 152 kJ•mol −1 ,[56] pine 131 kJ•mol −1 , and fir 128 kJ•mol−1…”

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confidence: 71%

Proof-of-Concept of Spent Mushrooms Compost Torrefaction—Studying the Process Kinetics and the Influence of Temperature and Duration on the Calorific Value of the Produced Biocoal

2019

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Poland, being the 3rd largest and growing producer of mushrooms in the world, generates almost 25% of the total European production. The generation rate of waste mushroom spent compost (MSC) amounts to 5 kg per 1 kg of mushrooms produced. We proposed the MSC treatment via torrefaction for the production of solid fuel—biocoal. In this research, we examined the MSC torrefaction kinetics using thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) and we tested the influence of torrefaction temperature within the range from 200 to 300 °C and treatment time lasting from 20 to 60 min on the resulting biocoal’s (fuel) properties. The estimated value of the torrefaction activation energy of MSC was 22.3 kJ mol−1. The highest calorific value = 17.9 MJ kg−1 d.m. was found for 280 °C (60 min torrefaction time). A significant (p < 0.05) influence of torrefaction temperature on HHV increase within the same group of torrefaction duration, i.e., 20, 40, or 60 min, was observed. The torrefaction duration significantly (p < 0.05) increased the HHV for 220 °C and decreased HHV for 300 °C. The highest mass yield (98.5%) was found for 220 °C (60 min), while the highest energy yield was found for 280 °C (60 min). In addition, estimations of the biocoal recirculation rate to maintain the heat self-sufficiency of MSC torrefaction were made. The net quantity of biocoal (torrefied MSC; 65.3% moisture content) and the 280 °C (60 min) torrefaction variant was used. The initial mass and energy balance showed that MSC torrefaction might be feasible and self-sufficient for heat when ~43.6% of produced biocoal is recirculated to supply the heat for torrefaction. Thus, we have shown a concept for an alternative utilization of abundant biowaste (MSC). This research provides a basis for alternative use of an abundant biowaste and can help charting improved, sustainable mushroom production.

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confidence: 71%

Proof-of-Concept of Spent Mushrooms Compost Torrefaction—Studying the Process Kinetics and the Influence of Temperature and Duration on the Calorific Value of the Produced Biocoal

2019

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“…Considering the large amount of biomass to be treated at the industrial level for bio-fuel production, there is an incentive to work at high temperature to shorten the process duration. Moreover, another issue of concern involves the large amount of biomass to be treated, which may have quite long heating and cooling time depending on the process design, which can induce longer actual treatment durations than initially expected (Cavagnol et al 2015). Accordingly, the knowledge of torrefaction over a wide range of temperature levels and for both short and long time-durations is crucial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TGA-FTIR Analysis of Torrefaction of Lignocellulosic Components (cellulose, xylan, lignin) in Isothermal Conditions over a Wide Range of Time Durations

Lv¹,

Perré²,

Perré³

2015

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This study investigated chemical decomposition of lignocellulosic components in the course of torrefaction under isothermal conditions for durations up to 5 hours. The goal was a better understanding of the behaviour of biomass, at both short and long residence times, which is important for innovation in the chemical and bioenergy industries. Gaseous and solid-phase decomposition products of cellulose, xylan, and two lignins, were studied following torrefaction at three temperatures (220, 250, and 280 °C) for a continuous recording of mass loss and emission of volatiles over 5 hours. Two decomposition stages were revealed for xylan, with a notable release of CO that increased with treatment temperature. 4-O-methyl glucurono-units on the side chains of xylan degraded first, and acetyl groups and macromolecule fragments accounted for the second degradation, starting at 250 °C. The primary production of acetic acid occurred at 280 °C. For the two lignins, decomposition reactions predominated at lower temperatures, while rearrangement prevailed at 280 °C. The emission of phenol was a clear distinction between the two. Cellulose was thermally stable at short times under all treatments, but it decomposed dramatically afterwards, especially at 280 °C.

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“…The E a values of cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose were 10.4 kJ·mol −1 , 17.2 kJ·mol −1 , and 23.5 kJ·mol −1 , respectively. Nevertheless, these values were determined for a wider (and higher) temperature range of 200–700 °C [55,56]. The obtained E a value for Oxytree is low in comparison with other types of woody biomass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytree Pruned Biomass Torrefaction: Process Kinetics

et al. 2019

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Oxytree is a fast-growing energy crop with C4 photosynthesis. In this research, for the first time, the torrefaction kinetic parameters of pruned Oxytree biomass (Paulownia clon in Vitro 112) were determined. The influence of the Oxytree cultivation method and soil class on the kinetic parameters of the torrefaction was also investigated. Oxytree pruned biomass from a first-year plantation was subjected to torrefaction within temperature range from 200 to 300 °C and under anaerobic conditions in the laboratory-scale batch reactor. The mass loss was measured continuously during the process. The relative mass loss increased from 1.22% to 19.56% with the increase of the process temperature. The first-order constant rate reaction (k) values increased from 1.26 × 10−5 s−1 to 7.69 × 10−5 s−1 with the increase in temperature. The average activation energy for the pruned biomass of Oxytree torrefaction was 36.5 kJ∙mol−1. Statistical analysis showed no significant (p < 0.05) effect of the Oxytree cultivation method and soil class on the k value. The results of this research could be useful for the valorization of energy crops such as Oxytree and optimization of waste-to-carbon and waste-to-energy processes.

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Exothermicity in wood torrefaction and its impact on product mass yields: From micro to pilot scale

Cited by 20 publications

References 19 publications

Proof-of-Concept of Spent Mushrooms Compost Torrefaction—Studying the Process Kinetics and the Influence of Temperature and Duration on the Calorific Value of the Produced Biocoal

Proof-of-Concept of Spent Mushrooms Compost Torrefaction—Studying the Process Kinetics and the Influence of Temperature and Duration on the Calorific Value of the Produced Biocoal

TGA-FTIR Analysis of Torrefaction of Lignocellulosic Components (cellulose, xylan, lignin) in Isothermal Conditions over a Wide Range of Time Durations

Oxytree Pruned Biomass Torrefaction: Process Kinetics

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