Experimental immunology Influence of nematode Anguillicoloides crassus infestation on the cellular and humoral innate immunity in European eel ( Anguilla anguilla L.)

Abstract

Parasitic invasions are recognized as one of the primary factors responsible for decreasing populations of European eel. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of infestation with the nematode Anguillicoloides crassus on the innate immunity in European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Anguillicoloides crassus parasitizes the swim bladder of this fish. Levels of the following immunological parameters were measured: spleen phagocyte respiratory burst activity, spleen phagocyte potential killing activity, pronephros lymphocyte proliferation stimulated by concanavaline A or lipopolisaccharide, plasma lysozyme and ceruloplasmin activity, total protein and immunoglobulin (Ig) serum levels. The analyses of the results of humoral and cellular immunity indicate that all studied parameters were statistically significant higher (p < 0.05) in non-infested fish compared to the ones with anguillicolosis except for ceruloplasmin level. These data suggest that the A. crassus infestation in European eel is responsible for a decreased immune response what could result in higher susceptibility to other pathogenic conditions.

Bacteriophage‐based cocktail modulates selected immunological parameters and post‐challenge survival of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

“…Many authors chose to determine non‐specific immunity in fish by determining the respiratory burst activity and potential killing activity of phagocytes (Bulfon, Galeotti, & Volpatti, ; Lundén, Lilius, & Bylund, ; Terech‐Majewska et al, ; Terech‐Majewska, Schulz, & Siwicki, ). Nya and Austin () reported an enhanced phagocytic activity of head kidney macrophages by feeding rainbow trout with A. hydrophila LPS.…”

“…Many authors chose to determine non-specific immunity in fish by determining the respiratory burst activity and potential killing activity of phagocytes (Bulfon, Galeotti, & Volpatti, 2018;Lundén, Lilius, & Bylund, 2002;Terech-Majewska et al, 2016;Terech-Majewska, Schulz, & Siwicki, 2015). Nya and Austin (2010) results showed that the phagocytic ability (RBA) was significantly higher in rainbow trout both in the immersion and in the fodder groups for 2 weeks, compared to control fish.…”

Bacterial and parasitic factors diagnosed in eel farmed in Poland in the years 2010-2014

“…Monitorowanie ryb w tym kierunku daje możliwość oceny stopnia zagrożenia, a dla ryb w hodowli także umożliwia przeprowadzenia terapii. Nicień wywołuje stres, wpływa negatywnie na funkcje motoryczne zarażonych ryb oraz funkcje obronne organizmu (24,25,27). Stosunkowo najrzadziej identyfikowane są u węgorza skorupiaki, tj.…”

“…Monitorowanie i ocena stanu zdrowia węgorza europejskiego to także jedno z zadań w wieloletnich projektach prowadzonych przez Instytut Rybactwa Śródlądowego (IRŚ) w Olsztynie (19). Zespoły badawcze Zakładu Patologii i Immunologii Ryb oraz Zakładu Ichtiologii IRŚ w Olsztynie opracowały system monitorowania stanu kondycyjnego i zdrowotnego węgorza występującego w warunkach naturalnych dorzecza Odry i Wisły oraz podchowywanego w warunkach kontrolowanych, przeznaczonego do zarybień (19,22,25). Program polega na wykonywaniu kompleksowej oceny stanu zdrowia ryb w oparciu o badania kliniczne, anatomopatologiczne, mikrobiologiczne, parazytologiczne, hematologiczne, biochemiczne oraz immunologiczne.…”

Metazoan Parasites and Health State of European Eel, Anguilla Anguilla (Anguilliformes, Anguillidae), From Tonga Lake and El Mellah Lagoon in the Northeast of Algeria

“…According to Terech-Majewska et al (2015), A. crassus infestation in European eels could be responsible for a decreased immune response, which would result in higher susceptibility to other pathogenic conditions. Because a greater pathogenicity is oft en observed for recent (vs. long-term coevolved) host-parasite associations as for Pseudodactylogyrus sp.…”