Experimental Investigation on Carbacetam Influence on Hypothalamus Tissue in Brain Injury

Abstract

Relevance. A key role in the pathogenesis of the brain injury is played by destructive changes in the hypothalamus neuroendocrine cells. For the correction of such disorders, promising is carbacetam, which has antihypoxic, anti-edema and anti-shock effects.
 Objective: to investigate the effect of carbacetam on the processes of neurodegeneration in the paraventricular and supraoptical nuclei of the hypothalamus in the experimental brain injury.
 Material and methods. Brain injury were modeled on the V.M. Elskyy &S.V. Ziablitsev model on white non-breeding male rats weighing 200±10 g. Experimental animals (n=10) received intraabdominal injection of carbacetam at a dose of 5 mg/kg in 1 ml of physiological saline during the seven days after injury. In the control group (n=10), 1 ml of physiological saline was injected. Hypothalamic tissue microparticles performed a morphological and immunohistochemical evaluation of neurodegenerative changes when stained with hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemically to detect NSE, S-100 and GFAP neuromarkers.
 Results. Carbacetam reduced the degenerative processes in the nervous tissue of the paraventricular and supraoptical nuclei of the hypothalamus, which was manifested by the restoration of normal morphological features, in contrast to rats that did not receive the drug. Immunohistochemically, GFAP and S-100 glial markers exhibited reduced, reflecting a reduction in degenerative changes in the nerve tissue. Expressions of the neurons marker NSE increased, reflecting high metabolic activity of the neurons.
 Conclusions. Revealed changes in the expression of markers of neurons and glia showed a restoration of normal neuronal activity due to the introduction of carbacetam.

Structural changes in skeletal muscles of the hind limbs of rats in acute ischemia-reperfusion and its correction by carbacetam, detected by polarization microscopy

“…A number of studies [8,14,23] have studied the structural changes in the soft tissues of the extremities in the development of this syndrome, but polarization microscopy is rarely used to describe structural disorders in skeletal muscle, which is a very informative method of morphological examination of muscle tissue. Also requires a comprehensive study of the effectiveness of nootropic drugs for the correction of morphological disorders in ischemia-reperfusion [11,25]. An attempt was made to determine the effectiveness of carbacetam in ischemicreperfusion injury of rat skeletal muscle by analyzing the results of polarization microscopy of rat skeletal muscle.…”