Experimental investigation to assess the efficacy of gasoline surrogates with engine testing

Patil, Vishal V.; Singh, Paramvir; Sonage, Sachin; Kumbhakarna, Neeraj; Kumar, Sudarshan

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2022.124493

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…10% anisole addition to a reference fuel was chosen instead of using neat anisole due to the general range of biofuel–gasoline blends that are currently used in real commercial applications. Iso-octane was chosen as a base liquid hydrocarbon fuel because it is commonly used as a representative branched alkane and is one of the main components in gasoline surrogates. − The ratio of anisole/iso-octane/methane/O 2 /N 2 in the initial gas-phase mixture introduced into the flame is 1.06/1.56/8.00/23.42/65.96%. In this flame, 71.3% of the carbon is from iso-octane and anisole and 28.7% comes from methane.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Detection of Oxygenated Aromatics in an Anisole-Blended Flame

Sood,

Gosselin,

Seifali Abbas-Abadi

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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Anisole serves as a pivotal constituent in the model for ligninderived biofuels. Despite considerable interest in these biofuels, their combustion processes have the potential to increase the formation of aromatic compounds, particularly oxygenated aromatics. These oxygen-containing aromatics, known for their increased toxicity compared to conventional aromatics, can significantly impact the characteristics of soot particles and exhaust gas emissions. Recent research efforts have delved into the formation of oxygenated aromatics during combustion. However, our understanding of the kinetics governing the production of these aromatics remains limited, primarily due to a scarcity of experimental data for their identification. This study addresses this gap by investigating a fuel-rich hydrocarbon flame enriched with 10% anisole at an equivalence ratio of 1.90 and atmospheric pressure. Chemical products sampled from the flame underwent analysis using one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) gas chromatography−mass spectrometry setups. The results facilitated the separation and identification of over 100 aromatic species, encompassing approximately 80 oxygenated variants with diverse functional groups, such as alcohols, ethers, carbonyls (aldehydes, ketones), and esters. The molecular weights of these species ranged from 94 (phenol) to 224 (9-fluorenyl acetate). Surprisingly, only a fraction of the identified species have been considered in the existing literature models. Notably, alcohol and ether functional groups emerged as the most prevalent among the detected aromatics, hinting at their crucial roles in the reaction mechanisms involving anisole. The dominant reaction paths are identified and discussed in detail, offering valuable insights for future enhancements of kinetic models pertaining to "lignin-based biofuel and oxygenated aromatics".

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Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Detection of Oxygenated Aromatics in an Anisole-Blended Flame

Sood,

Gosselin,

Seifali Abbas-Abadi

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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“…The world's fossil fuel supplies are rapidly running out. The components of gasoline, which is a complex mixture of C 4 -C 12 alkanes, ole ns, aromatics, etc., relies on its source and the processes used to produce it [4] [5]. Since the greenhouse effect is greatly affected by the pollutant emissions produced by the burning of fossil fuels, it has become a major worry in today's world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They concluded that alcohols are well known as potential ingredients for SI fuel blends, particularly ethanol, which serves as a standard for the e ciency of bioblendstocks in SI engine fuel. Patil et.al [5] experimentally investigated to evaluate the effectiveness of substitute fuels when testing engines. They also determined composition of premium gasoline using chromatography test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect on Performance, Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Spark Ignition Engine Powered by Premium Level Gasohol- Paraffin Blends With Spark Advancement & Spark Retardment

Kumbhar,

Khot

2024

Preprint

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Internal combustion engine emissions from burning fossil fuels, particularly those from petrol engines, are a major factor in change in the climate and the generation of greenhouse gases. For a long time, ethanol has been noticed as a viable alternative to gasoline that might also help to lower pollution levels. In the current experimentation investigations, the engine performance, combustion, and emission characteristics were assessed for the various ethanol-premium gasohol blends with partial addition of alkane’s such as n-pentane, hexane etc. With addition of hexane and n-pentane in premium gasoline and ethanol blends, carbon monoxide (CO) emission decreased by 18% than premium gasohol. The lowest emission were observed for premium gasoline with 40% ethanol and 10% n-pentane. It was observed that addition of hexane and n-pentane hydrocarbons found to be decreased by 15% as compared to premium gasool. Furthermore, with addition of ethanol blending, cylinder pressure decreased. Both unburned hydrocarbon (HC) and Nitrogen oxides (NOx) increased in spark advancement from 21 to 15° bTDC and became minimum for spark timing 21° bTDC. Again, it increased from spark retardment from 21° to 30° bTDC. This was because there was incomplete combustion takes place. But engine emissions decreased with partial addition of alkanes with premium gasoline and 20% ethanol with spark advancement as well as retardment. The brake thermal efficiency of PG + 10% P were found maximum. The oxides of nitrogen (NOx) were found minimum by 25% with addition of ethanol and paraffin in premium gasoline.

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“…8 Various scenarios can be used to decrease the ecological influence of gasoline engine operation. 9 Among the scenarios, introducing olefinic and isoolefinic hydrocarbons can be one scenario by making them feed for the methoxylation process. Isoolefinic hydrocarbons are fundamental components in the production of various main business intermediates and chemical substances, involving narcotics, detergents, as well as plastics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fuel surrogates and derivate motor fuels can be used to decrease the influence of gasoline engines on the environment . Various scenarios can be used to decrease the ecological influence of gasoline engine operation . Among the scenarios, introducing olefinic and isoolefinic hydrocarbons can be one scenario by making them feed for the methoxylation process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Superior Role of Characterizing Methyl Ester of Isohexene as an Innovative High-Octane Gasoline Mixing Component

et al. 2022

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High concentrations of isoolefinic hydrocarbons can adversely affect the physical, chemical, mechanical, and ecological characteristics of gasoline fuels. One of the solutions to reduce olefin contents is the utilization of the methoxylation process. The current paper declares a perspective toward a gasoline-component-first technique, revealing an innovative highoctane additive on the basis of isoolefinic components, like isohexene. The olefin content of isohexene was 94% volumetrically. This affected the chemical oxidation under atmospheric conditions. Several gasoline fuels and experimental facilities that match European and Russian requirements were used to execute the recent work. The objective of the methoxylation process is to enhance the chemical oxidation fuels to raise the portion of aliphatic hydrocarbon isomers, to decrease unwanted olefin content, as well as to generate high-octane motor ethers as gasoline octane boosters. The product can be defined as methyl ester of isohexene (MEIH). Various MEIH blends have been measured with other gasoline octane boosters and refinery products. The results proved that antidetonation properties of MEIH were higher than those of base gasolines, tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME), and isohexene and approximately equal to that of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE). Additionally, the results of the calculated MEIH mixing octane rating were from 104.3 to 131.5 for the research method and from 87.5 to 120.0 for the motor method. Likewise, the olefin content of MEIH was 74.2% when the methoxylation process was applied for isohexene. The oxygen content of MEIH was 3.3 wt %, with no oxygen content in the sample of isohexene. Those have been done thanks to the utilization of the methoxylation process of isohexene. Finally, MEIH provided an individual perspective as a liquid transportation fuel with merits over isohexene, in terms of antidetonation properties, olefin contents, as well as a distillation characteristic range.

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Experimental investigation to assess the efficacy of gasoline surrogates with engine testing

Cited by 13 publications

References 38 publications

Experimental Detection of Oxygenated Aromatics in an Anisole-Blended Flame

Experimental Detection of Oxygenated Aromatics in an Anisole-Blended Flame

Effect on Performance, Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Spark Ignition Engine Powered by Premium Level Gasohol- Paraffin Blends With Spark Advancement & Spark Retardment

Unraveling the Superior Role of Characterizing Methyl Ester of Isohexene as an Innovative High-Octane Gasoline Mixing Component

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Experimental investigation to assess the efficacy of gasoline surrogates with engine testing

Cited by 13 publications

References 38 publications

Experimental Detection of Oxygenated Aromatics in an Anisole-Blended Flame

Experimental Detection of Oxygenated Aromatics in an Anisole-Blended Flame

Effect on Performance, Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Spark Ignition Engine Powered by Premium Level Gasohol- Paraffin Blends With Spark Advancement &amp; Spark Retardment

Unraveling the Superior Role of Characterizing Methyl Ester of Isohexene as an Innovative High-Octane Gasoline Mixing Component

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effect on Performance, Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Spark Ignition Engine Powered by Premium Level Gasohol- Paraffin Blends With Spark Advancement & Spark Retardment