Extraction of Biological Apatite from Cow Bone at Different Calcination Temperatures: A Comparative Study

Bano, Nazia; Adzila, Sharifah; Jikan, Suzi Salwah; Basri, Hatijah; Kanasan, Nanthini

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.796.46

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Furthermore, there was no additional weight loss observed at 900 °C temperature and above. This shows that the calcined bone sample is thermally stable at a temperature of 900 °C and above …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Yield Response from the Catalytic Conversion of Parsley Seed Oil into Biodiesel Using a Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Catalyst

2021

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This research work is focused on the investigation of the optimum condition for parsley seed oil (PSO) trans-esterification using a heterogeneous (CCB) and homogenous catalyst (KOH). The process parameters (alcohol: oil ratio, temperature, and catalyst loading) were varied to examine their effect on the percentage biodiesel yield using a Box–Behnken design embedded with the response surface methodology (RSM). Also, the heterogeneous catalyst was synthesized by calcining waste chicken bones at 900 °C for 4 h. Thereafter, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were utilized to determine the morphology and elemental composition. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was also adopted to assess the effect of calcination temperature on the prepared catalyst. The characterization analysis revealed the presence of hydroxyapatite as the major component, and the reusability test showed that it exhibited good catalytic performance for PSO transesterification. However, the optimization study revealed that the optimum reaction conditions of 9:1 alcohol: ratio, 60 °C reaction temperature, and 3 wt % catalysts gave 90% biodiesel yield, while the homogenous catalyst (used as the control transesterification experiment) under the same conditions gave an average yield of 96.33%. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was utilized to characterize the produced biodiesel. Furthermore, the fuel characteristics of biodiesel were within the specifications of the ASTM D6751.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…This shows that the calcined bone sample is thermally stable at a temperature of 900 °C and above. 26 3.2. (JCPDS 00-037-1497).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield Response from the Catalytic Conversion of Parsley Seed Oil into Biodiesel Using a Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Catalyst

2021

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“…Extraction of biogenic n-HAP was carried out according to the method of Bano et al [15,16]. In short, bovine bones were cleaned with water and any residues inside the bones were detached manually by a stiletto.…”

Section: Extraction Of Biogenic N-hapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicomechanical Properties of Nanobiocomposite Composed of Polylactic Acid and Biogenic Nano hydroxyapatite

Bano

Basri

Jikan

et al. 2019

IJIE

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In the current paper, nanobiocomposite consisting of polylactic acid (biodegradable) (PLA) and nanohydroxyapatite (bioactive) (n-HAP) extracted from bovine bone was fabricated through melt mixing and injection moulding technique for biomedical applications. Partially biogenic nanohydroxyapatite was obtained from bovine bone by hydrothermal method and calcination treatment without using of any chemicals/solvents. Physicomechanical properties of neat-PLA and PLA/n-HAP nanobiocomposite were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), universal testing machine (UTM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD result showed that the intensity of n-HAP peaks increased in the nanobiocomposite as n-HAP-900 loading increased. Tensile strength decreased with increasing the n-HAP-900 loading from 56.78 to 48.25 MPa due to poor interfacial adhesion between neat-PLA and n-HAP. PLA/n-HAP with 1% loading exhibits tensile strength potential for bone implant application and can be promising biomedical materials for orthopedic applications.

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“…A combination of both hydroxyapatite and collagen provides stiffness and mechanical properties to the bone. A model component present in bone is hydroxyapatite [2]. Hydroxyapatite having formula Ca10 (PO4)6 (OH)2 is bioactive ceramic material that belongs to calcium phosphate family [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Natural HAP is one the most important biomaterial possessing all distinguish features, such as 1 Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Email: 11mt52@student.muet.edu.pk (Corresponding Author), ayat.qureshi@faculty.muet.edu.pk, mozam.baloch@faculty.edu.pk bioactive, non-inflammatory, non-toxic, osteoconductive, non-immunogenic and anti-bacterial property [2]. Due to these distinctive features, it appeals to the researcher to use it variety of biomedical applications as well as water treatment to disinfect bacteria [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of Hydroxyapatite from Caprine Bones and its Anti-Bacterial Study

Rehman

Qureshi

Baloch

2021

Mehran Univ. res. j. eng. technol.

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Bones are mineralized connecting tissues consisting of 70% of Hydroxyapatite (HAP); it is the major component of the bone. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is most important biomaterial possessing all distinguish features such as antibacterial activity, bioactive and non-inflammatory behavior. Hydroxyapatite is mainly synthesized by two routes i.e. i) using inorganic substances and ii) by exploiting natural sources. The aim of this study is to extract hydroxyapatite using solid waste (animal bones) and to investigate its antibacterial activity. The extraction consisted of alkaline technique and calcination methods. During alkaline process bones became very soft and were easily converted into powder using mortar and pestle without utilizing any milling process and anti-bacterial response was higher when compared to previous studies. The characterization techniques that were utilized are; X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) in order to reveal phase composition, functional groups and surface morphology of HAP. Antibacterial activity was checked by zone of inhibition

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Extraction of Biological Apatite from Cow Bone at Different Calcination Temperatures: A Comparative Study

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Yield Response from the Catalytic Conversion of Parsley Seed Oil into Biodiesel Using a Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Catalyst

Yield Response from the Catalytic Conversion of Parsley Seed Oil into Biodiesel Using a Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Catalyst

Physicomechanical Properties of Nanobiocomposite Composed of Polylactic Acid and Biogenic Nano hydroxyapatite

Extraction of Hydroxyapatite from Caprine Bones and its Anti-Bacterial Study

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