Extrapulmonary CT Findings Predict In-Hospital Mortality in COVID-19. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

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Prognostic Role of the Pectoralis Musculature in Patients with COVID-19. A Multicenter Study

“…Also extrapulmonary findings play an important role in COVID-19 ( 8 ). It has been shown that pleural effusion, pericardial effusion and mediastinal lymphadenopathy can be used as predictors of severe course of COVID-19 ( 6 , 8 ). In fact, pleural effusion and coronary calcifications are strong predictors of mortality in COVID-19, odds ratio (OR) = 4.6 (95% CI 2.97-7.12), p<0.00001, and OR = 2.68 (95% CI 1.78-4.04), p<0.00001, respectively ( 8 ).…”

“…Also extrapulmonary findings play an important role in COVID-19 ( 8 ). It has been shown that pleural effusion, pericardial effusion and mediastinal lymphadenopathy can be used as predictors of severe course of COVID-19 ( 6 , 8 ).…”

Prevalence of Pneumonia Among Patients Who Died with COVID-19 Infection in Ancestral Versus Omicron Variant Eras

“…We also cannot determine the degree to which SARS-CoV-2 infection contributed to the death of any individual patient, whether they had pneumonia or not. Moreover, we did not evaluate extrapulmonary findings known to be associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients (22) . However, we believe that by directly comparing two variant eras as well as using a negative control group, we have mitigated some of these issues.…”

Mediastinal lymph node enlargement in COVID-19: Relationships with mortality and CT findings

“…In addition, in older patients, the possibility of comorbidities increases and immunity weakens. In Meyer et al’s meta-analysis of the effect of their extrapulmonary findings on mortality, they reported that MLNE increased the risk of mortality approximately two-fold 11 . Consistent with the literature, in our study, we think that the relationship between chronic lung disease and cardiovascular diseases with the presence of MLNE is an important factor in the exacerbation of the infection 24 .…”

“…MLNE is not the typical chest CT finding in COVID-19 pneumonia 10 . However, atypical findings such as MLNE are associated with the prognosis of patients with COVID-19 11 .…”