Fabrication and evaluation of carbonate apatite-coated calcium carbonate bone substitutes for bone tissue engineering

Abstract

Carbonate apatite-coated calcium carbonate (CO Ap/CaCO ) was fabricated through a dissolution-precipitation reaction using CaCO granules as a precursor to accelerate bone replacement based on superior osteoconductivity of the CO Ap shell, along with Ca release from the CaCO core and quicker resorption of the CaCO core. In the present study, CaCO , 10% CO Ap/CaCO , 30% CO Ap/CaCO , and CO Ap granules were fabricated and examined histologically to evaluate their potential as bone substitutes. Larger contents of CaCO in the granules resulted in higher Ca release and promoted cell proliferation of murine preosteoblasts at 6 days compared with CO Ap. Interestingly, in a rabbit femur defect model, 10% CO Ap/CaCO induced significantly higher new bone formation and higher material resorption compared with CO Ap at 8 weeks. Nevertheless, CO Ap showed a superior osteoconductive potential compared with 10% CO Ap/CaCO at 8 weeks. All tested granules were most likely resorbed by cell mediation including multinucleated giant cell functions. Therefore, we conclude that CO Ap/CaCO has a positive potential for bone tissue engineering based on well-controlled calcium release, bone formation, and material resorption.

Effect of Artemisinin-Loaded Mesoporous Cerium-Doped Calcium Silicate Nanopowder on Cell Proliferation of Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts

“…No other calcium or cerium oxides were detected, suggesting the incorporation of the respective ions in the silicate network. Calcium carbonate is a bioactive, biocompatible and biodegradable compound that has attracted considerable interest in regenerative medicine due to its faster resorption and dissolution rates [ 54 , 55 ].…”

Effect of Operating Parameters and Foreign Ions on the Crystal Growth of Calcium Carbonate during Scale Formation: An Overview

“…Bone substitutes based on chemically treated natural CaCO 3 are biocompatible and bioactive. They are used in the form of powder and porous ceramics [6][7][8][9][10][11]. Because of the higher solubility of calcium carbonates compared to calcium phosphates, the introduction of a significant amount of a metastable variety of CaCO 3 (vaterite or aragonite) should give mineral cements a higher rate of resorption and thus promote faster bone reconstruction [11,12].…”

Effect of Carbonate Apatite Hydrogel-Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin Injection on Osteoblastogenesis during Orthodontic Relapse in Rabbits

“…1,10 Carbonate apatite (CHA) exhibits good potential for bone tissue engineering because of its well-controlled calcium release and bone formation ability. 11 CHA is considered an excellent biomaterial for improving alveolar bone remodeling on account of the similarity of its structure to the interconnected porous structure of bone. 12 CHA has also received increased attention for its ability to act as a drug delivery system for protein delivery into living cells.…”