Fatty acid benzyl esters as<scp>bio‐based</scp>plasticizers in<scp>silica‐filled solution‐polymerized styrene‐butadiene</scp>rubber/butadiene rubber composites

Huang, Ruoming; Long, Yanni; Feng, Kunhao; Pan, Qiwei; Chen, Zhaohui

doi:10.1002/vnl.21784

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…At any given content, the NRCs containing vegetable oils give slightly greater tensile strength than those containing NTO, possibly due to the better filler dispersion as supported by the SEM results (see Figure 4 ) and ΔG′ results (see Figure 6 ). Similar observations have been reported in some published works in which the rubber compound having vegetable oil showed better tensile strength than that having petroleum–based oil [ 1 , 7 , 13 ]. Noticeably, both MO and NO give comparable tensile strength despite the differences in types and contents of fatty acid in their composition.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Plasticizers soften the compound by lubricating between rubber molecules and, thus, promote filler incorporation and dispersion during mixing. The presence of plasticizer therefore improves physical and dynamic properties of the NRC [ 1 ]. Among petroleum oils, distillate aromatic extract (DAE) oils have been commonly used as oils for rubber compounding in the tire industry [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Vegetable Oils with Different Fatty Acids on Natural Rubber Composite Properties

et al. 2021

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Owing to the toxicity of polycyclic aromatic (PCA) oils, much attention has been paid to the replacement of PCA oils by other nontoxic oils. This paper reports comparative study of the effects of new vegetable oils, i.e., Moringa oil (MO) and Niger oil (NO), on rheological, physical and dynamic properties of silica–filled natural rubber composite (NRC), in comparison with petroleum–based naphthenic oil (NTO). The results reveal that MO and NO exhibit higher thermal stability and better processability than NTO. Cure characteristics of the rubber compounds are not significantly affected by the oil type. It is also found that the NRCs containing MO or NO have better tensile strength and lower dynamic energy loss than the NRCs containing NTO. This may be because both MO and NO improve filler dispersion to a greater extent than NTO as supported by storage modulus and scanning electron microscopy results. Consequently, the present study suggests that MO and NO could be used as the alternative non–toxic oils for NRC without any loss of the properties evaluated.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Vegetable Oils with Different Fatty Acids on Natural Rubber Composite Properties

et al. 2021

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“…Most organic structures of IFR are stuck in a “cage” formed by the irregular accumulation of LDH and MMT nanosheets, and these organic structures can promote the carbonization process and, conversely, create the char barrier of the “cage”. [ 57–59 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In‐situ growth of layered double hydroxide on montmorillonite nanosheets to improve the flame retardant performance of ABS resin

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2023

Vinyl Additive Technology

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Layered double hydroxide (LDH) is a widely used flame retardant in polymer materials; however, the poor dispersion due to its high hydrophilic nature results in disappointing thermal stability and fire safety. In this work, LDH was in-situ grown on the disordered montmorillonite (MMT) nanosheets to obtain the hybrid of LDH and MMT nanosheets (LDH@MMT, simplified as LM). Various techniques, including X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscope were used to characterize the microstructure of LM. In addition, the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) composite containing LM and intumescent flame retardant (IFR) was prepared, and its mechanical and flame-retardant properties were also measured. The characterization results demonstrate that the LM exhibits a periodically alternating layered structure. The Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) of the ABS composite reaches 27.2% with a V-0 rating in the UL-94 vertical burning test, while its flexural strength and tensile strength decrease by only 17.82% and 13.45%, respectively. Furthermore, the heat release rate, total heat release, smoke production rate, and carbon monoxide production rate of the ABS composite present a significant decline in cone calorimeter tests compared with those of pure ABS. The results further indicate that the hybridization could effectively improve the flame-retardant performance of ABS composites and perform lesser impacts on their mechanical properties.

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“…Solutions of the synthesized PBOCOSA and PBOCODSA in xylene (containing 20% active material) were prepared at various concentrations (500, 1000, 2000, and 3000 ppm). To ensure the complete breakdown of the paraffin content, the solutions were injected into the crude oil at 60 °C, swirled for homogenization, and then submitted to the pour point test in accordance with ASTM D97 standard procedure without warming [ 21 ]. The outcomes were shown as a decrease in the pour point of pure crude oil, which was computed using the equation: Pour point reduction (ΔP) = PP pure − PP additive where PP pure is the pour point of the pure crude oil and PP additive is the pour point of the crude oil containing additives [ 22 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Poly (benzyl oleate-co-maleic anhydride) Pour Point Depressant with Di-Stearyl Amine on Waxy Crude Oil

et al. 2023

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An important problem for the oil industry is the deposition of paraffin on pipelines during the transit of crude oil and restart processes at low temperature. In this regard, the need for suitable methods of wax deposition has attracted substantial attention. Therefore, pour point depressants (PPDs) are considered a critical processing aid to modify the paraffin crystallization and improve the flow of waxy crude oil. The effect of pendants in comb-type copolymers on the ability of crude oil to flow in the cold is examined in the current study. Such PPDs were first created by the free radical polymerization of maleic anhydride with benzyl oleate to create the poly (benzyl oleate-co-maleic anhydride). The resultant copolymer was then aminated with alkyl amine (stearyl amine) (C18H39N) to form pendant alkyl amine chains. The esterified copolymers were structurally characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared, X-ray diffraction spectral analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the potential interactions between PPD and waxes were investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and light microscopy. The obtained PPDs, which are effective at a dose of 2000 ppm, were able to reduce the pour point by up to 3 °C. The viscosity and yield stress of the petroleum waxy crude oil were revealed by rheometer.

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Fatty acid benzyl esters asbio‐basedplasticizers insilica‐filled solution‐polymerized styrene‐butadienerubber/butadiene rubber composites

Cited by 10 publications

References 37 publications

New Vegetable Oils with Different Fatty Acids on Natural Rubber Composite Properties

New Vegetable Oils with Different Fatty Acids on Natural Rubber Composite Properties

In‐situ growth of layered double hydroxide on montmorillonite nanosheets to improve the flame retardant performance of ABS resin

Influence of Poly (benzyl oleate-co-maleic anhydride) Pour Point Depressant with Di-Stearyl Amine on Waxy Crude Oil

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