Flame Photometry and Spectrometry Principles and Applications

Margoshes, Marvin; Vallée, Bert L.

doi:10.1002/9780470110195.ch12

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Metallothioneins (MT) are a family of low molecular weight proteins containing multiple cysteine residues that coordinate multiple zinc and copper atoms, enabling a high affinity for monovalent and divalent heavy metal atoms (6). The presence of MTs has been confirmed in mammals, birds, fish, amphibians, reptiles and invertebrates, as well as in a wide range of plants, and eukaryotic and prokaryotic microorganisms (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of metallothionein in murine experimental colitis

Tsuji

Naito

Takagi

et al. 2013

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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Abstract. Metallothioneins (MTs) are a family of cysteine-rich low molecular-weight proteins that can act as reactive oxygen species scavengers. Although it is known that the induction of MT expression suppresses various inflammatory disorders, the role of MTs in intestinal inflammation remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) administration in mice with targeted deletions of the MT-I/II genes. Acute colitis was induced by 2% DSS in male MT-I/II double knockout (MT-null) and C57BL/6 (wild-type) mice. The disease activity index (DAI) was determined on a daily basis for each animal, and consisted of a calculated score based on changes in body weight, stool consistency and intestinal bleeding. Histology, colon length, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and colonic mRNA expression and the concentration of inflammatory cytokines were evaluated by real-time-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The localization of MTs and macrophages was determined by immunohistological and immunofluorescence staining. To investigate the role of MTs in macrophages, peritoneal macrophages were isolated and their responses to lipopolysaccharide were measured. Following DSS administration, the DAI score increased in a time-dependent manner and was significantly enhanced in the MT-I/II knockout mice. Colonic MPO activity levels and inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-17] production increased following DSS administration, and these increases were significantly enhanced in the MT-I/II knockout mice compared with the wild-type mice. MT-positive cells were detected in the lamina propria and submucosal layer by immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining, and were mainly co-localized in F4/80-positive macrophages. The production of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-17) from isolated peritoneal macrophages increased following lipopolysaccharide stimulation, and these increases were significantly enhanced in the macrophages obtained from the MT-I/II knockout mice. These data indicate that MTs play an important role in the prevention of colonic mucosal inflammation in a mouse model of DSS-induced colitis, thus suggesting that endogenous MTs play a protective role against intestinal inflammation. IntroductionInflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are known as refractory and recurrent diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Although the features of IBDs suggest a number of possible causes, including genetic, infectious and immunological factors, the precise pathogenesis of IBDs remains unknown (1-3). Recent evidence suggests that oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an important factor involved in the onset and development of intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, it has also been demonstrated that disruptions in the antioxidant defense system are involved in the pathophysiology of IBDs (4,5). Therefore, it is important to investigate the oxidative s...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of metallothionein in murine experimental colitis

Tsuji

Naito

Takagi

et al. 2013

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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“…Salivary glucose and FBG estimation was performed using the glucose oxidase end-point method described previously [17] . For this, 1000 micro1iters of reagent solution was pipetted into three test tubes labeled ‘Blank,' ‘Standard,' and ‘Test’.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Fasting Blood Glucose and Salivary Electrolytes Concentrations among Individuals with Type II Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Hospital Based Study

et al. 2022

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“…Serum sodium and potassium concentrations were measured using the flame emission photometry method described by Magoshes and Vallee in 1956 [49]. This technique involves the desolvation of a solution containing these elements by a flame, which leaves behind solid salts.…”

Section: Determination Of Sodium and Potassium Ion Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutathione Effects on Liver Enzymes and Serum Electrolyte in Mice Exposed to 850–1900 MHz Mobile Phone Radiation

Binhambali,

Umar,

Aliyah

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The pervasive presence of electromagnetic fields (EMF) generated by modern technologies poses a significant threat to human health, with ionizing radiation, a byproduct of EMF, potentially contributing to cancer development. This study explores the impact of chronic exposure to GSM-EMFs and 900-1800 MHz-induced electromagnetic radiation (EMR) on liver enzymes, and serum electrolytes in mice and potential mitigating effect of exogenous glutathione administration. Thirty-five adult male mice were randomly divided into seven groups and exposed to various modes of mobile phone radiation for five weeks, with or without glutathione administration. Liver enzymes (ALP, ALT, AST) and serum electrolytes (sodium, potassium, bicarbonate) were analyzed. Results showed significant increases in ALP levels in the Silent, Ringtone + GSH, and Silent + GSH groups compared to controls, while ALT and AST levels remained largely unchanged. Serum electrolyte concentrations did not significantly differ across experimental groups. Overall, the study underscores the need for continued research to better understand the health implications of EMF exposure and inform public health measures.

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Flame Photometry and Spectrometry Principles and Applications

Cited by 16 publications

References 34 publications

Role of metallothionein in murine experimental colitis

Role of metallothionein in murine experimental colitis

Comparative Analysis of Fasting Blood Glucose and Salivary Electrolytes Concentrations among Individuals with Type II Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Hospital Based Study

Glutathione Effects on Liver Enzymes and Serum Electrolyte in Mice Exposed to 850–1900 MHz Mobile Phone Radiation

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