Flow-injection enzymatic analysis for glycerol and triacylglycerol

Wu, Li-Chen; Cheng, Chien-Ming

doi:10.1016/j.ab.2005.08.031

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Several amperometric sensors have been described in the literature based on the oxygen consumption and hydrogen peroxide production as presented in Reactions 1 and 2 of Figure 1 [1,12,14,15]. All of these glycerol analysis studies have been performed in matrices such as tobacco casing, fermented products, blood serum and plasma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Free and Total Glycerol in Biodiesel Using an Electrochemical Assay Based on a Two‐Enzyme Oxygen‐Electrode System

et al. 2010

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In this work, an electroenzymatic methodology based on two coupled enzymatic activities (glycerokinase and glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase) was developed using an oxygen Clark-type electrode for the determination of free and total glycerol in biodiesel samples. The enzymatic conversion of glycerol consumes oxygen, which is measured amperometrically in a Clark-type electrode and correlated with the concentration of glycerol in the sample. The electroenzymatic method proposed showed a good linear correlation coefficient (R ¼ 0.9990) with a linear response in the concentration range of 6.25 Â 10 À5 to 6.25 Â 10 À4 % (w/v) and limits of detection and quantification at 1.0 Â 10 À5 % and 3.0 Â 10 À5 % (w/v), respectively. Good correlations were found between the results obtained in this work and those by the gas chromatography technique (R ¼ 0.9994). The proposed method was shown to be promising for the analysis of glycerol in biodiesel samples, with a simple and inexpensive methodology compared with the gas chromatography technique.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Free and Total Glycerol in Biodiesel Using an Electrochemical Assay Based on a Two‐Enzyme Oxygen‐Electrode System

et al. 2010

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“…Immobilized or dissolved enzymes, such as glycerokinase (GK) and glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase (G3PO), have been extensively applied to develop prospective methods for the measurement of glycerol in clinical analysis, food products and biotechnological processes [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. In these methods, glycerol is converted into dihydroxyacetone phosphate by the sequential action of the GK and G3PO enzymes, while consuming oxygen and producing hydrogen peroxide in proportion to the initial content of glycerol in the sample, as described in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of free glycerol in biodiesel using an electrochemical assay based on a two-enzyme platinum microelectrode system

Pêgas¹,

Amado²,

Castro³

et al. 2010

J Appl Electrochem

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An electroenzymatic method based on two coupled enzymatic activities (glycerokinase and glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase) was developed using a platinum microelectrode for the determination of free glycerol in biodiesel samples. The electroenzymatic method proposed showed a good linear correlation coefficient (R = 0.9894), with a linear response in the concentration range of 8.2 9 10 -5 to 5.7 9 10 -4 % (w/w) and a limit of detection of 6.0 9 10 -5 % (w/w). The results obtained for the free glycerol content of select biodiesel samples were compared with their gas chromatography (GC) analyses. The relative errors for glycerol determination using this enzymaticamperometric method were in the range of -8.0 to 3.0%. The proposed method was shown to be promising for the analysis of glycerol in biodiesel samples and a simple and inexpensive method in comparison to gas chromatography.

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“…Two types of reactors have been incorporated and evaluated in flow set-ups, namely, packed-bed reactors with the enzyme immobilised on controlled-pore glass (33)(34)(35), and wall-coated open tubular reactor with the enzyme attached to the inner surface of nylon tubing or silica-fused capillaries (36)(37)(38). The former one features larger surface area and therefore larger enzyme load per unit volume, yet progressively tighter packing of the reactor might lead to increased backpressure with the consequent deterioration of the analytical performance of the analyzer.…”

Section: X3selected Bioanalytical Applications Exploiting Fimentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow Injection Analysis in Industrial Biotechnology

Hansen

Miró

2009

Encyclopedia of Industrial Biotechnology

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Flow injection analysis (FIA) is an analytical chemical continuous flow (CF) method which, in contrast to traditional CF procedures, does not rely on complete physical mixing (homogenization) of the sample and the reagent(s) or on attaining chemical equilibria of the chemical reactions involved. Exploiting controllable dispersion of the injected sample within the reagent‐containing carrier stream and strictly reproducible timing of all events taking place, it is based on measuring transient signals, which not only implies very high sampling rates but also, and most importantly, permits implementation of a number of novel methodologies that are not feasible when performed under batch conditions or by conventional CF procedures. Demonstrated for selected bioanalytical and technological applications encompassing cellular and enzymatic assays as well as monitoring of culture media, the principles and operational characteristics of FIA are first outlined, and then its downscaled/miniaturized sequels, that is, sequential injection analysis (SIA) and lab‐on‐valve (LOV), are detailed. Thus, in SIA the sample and reagents are, via the use of a multi‐position valve and an attached syringe pump operated under full programmable control, aspirated sequentially and then propelled forward allowing the sample and reagent(s) to be intermixed and, if called for, subjected to appropriate treatments before analyte detection. This infers that, merely minute sample/reagent volumes are consumed, hence leading to generation of small amounts of waste. In LOV this downscaling is taken further by using a small monolithic structure within which all sample manipulations and ultimate analyte detection under programmable control can be effected. Even bead materials with different surface groups/characteristics, including live cells, can be handled and utilized as demonstrated. Because the syringe pump in SIA and LOV can be used for accurately aspirating, propelling or even stopping the flow, these modi operandi allow fully to exploit the interplay between the kinetics and the thermodynamics of the chemical reactions involved, so that there are no restrictions whatsoever as to the chemistries that can be implemented, even if they entail multistep reactions. Representative bioanalytical examples of this interplay are presented.

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Flow-injection enzymatic analysis for glycerol and triacylglycerol

Cited by 36 publications

References 22 publications

Analysis of Free and Total Glycerol in Biodiesel Using an Electrochemical Assay Based on a Two‐Enzyme Oxygen‐Electrode System

Analysis of Free and Total Glycerol in Biodiesel Using an Electrochemical Assay Based on a Two‐Enzyme Oxygen‐Electrode System

Analysis of free glycerol in biodiesel using an electrochemical assay based on a two-enzyme platinum microelectrode system

Flow Injection Analysis in Industrial Biotechnology

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