Forms of Opportunism Between Principals and Agents

Abstract

The purpose of the paper is to discuss the development of the theoretical approach to a rating of the opportunism between the principals and agents within the framework of the neo-institutional theory. The matrix of the opportunistic forms between the principals and agents designed. On the basis of the carried out experimental research of firms of the Ural region of Russia, such opportunistic forms of the agents such as flubbing, negligence, and malversation were investigated. The experimental dependences of an opportunistic level of the agents from a level of wages, level of non-financial stimulus, effectiveness of punishment, share of creative element of labor, and degree of labor specificity are defined. Copyright International Atlantic Economic Society 2006D00,

When Relationship Marketing Goes Wrong: Opportunism and Consumer Well-Being in Consumer-Bank Relationships

“…Williamson (1993) observed that opportunistic behaviour is evident when one party prioritises its own interests by acting in a manner contrary to the agreement with the other party. Popov and Simonova (2006) supported this view, observing that opportunism is evident when one agent operates in a way that furthers his or her own interests while contradicting the interests of other agents. They discussed three main forms of opportunistic behaviour: flubbing, negligence, and fraudulence.…”

“…However, when benefits are perceived by consumers as detrimental to their interests, the opportunism acts as a potential constraint on the interaction (Gundlach, Achrol, & Mentzer, 1995), in particular when it comes to levels of trust and commitment (Ting, Chen, & Bartholomew, 2007). Popov and Simonova's (2006) view was also that the possibility of opportunistic behaviour occurs only in situations in which a discrepancy of interests exists between two parties. The irony is that sellers' opportunistic behaviour dominates relationships with buyers.…”

“…Flubbing, negligence, and fraudulence Popov & Simonova (2006) Incomplete Contracts Contracts with gaps or missing provisions Boukendour (2007) not always discussed in the literature in this manner. Inherent trust in relationships can mitigate fears of opportunism (Ross et al, 1997).…”

“…Different streams of literature, including economics (Boukendour, 2007;Popov & Simonova, 2006;Williamson, 1979Williamson, , 1985Williamson, , 1993, organizational theory (S. Carson, Madhok, & Wu, 2006;Wuyts & Geyskens, 2005), and marketing (Heide, Wathne, & Rokkan, 2007;Jap, 2001Jap, , 2007Nunlee, 2005), explore opportunism in either a business-to-business or interorganizational context. Most of this work emphasizes the antecedents of opportunism (Nunlee, 2005;Popov & Simonova, 2006;Rindfleisch & Heide, 1997), the results and consequences of opportunism (Jap, 2001;Ross, Anderson, & Weitz, 1997), and strategies and tools for minimizing opportunism (Boukendour, 2007; Downloaded by [University of Waterloo] at 04:46 15 December 201404:46 15 December et al, 2006Heide et al, 2007;Hill, 1990;Wuyts & Geyskens, 2005). However, the impact of opportunism on the performance of RM in the service provider-consumer context is not sufficiently discussed.…”

Institutions for Decreasing of Employee Opportunism

“…The forms of opportunism manifestation in employment relations in firm sare extremely varied (Popov et Simonova, 2006). The forms of opportunistic behavior in firms summarized in the Table 1.…”