Fume and gas emission during arc welding: Hazards and recommendation

Popović, Olivera; Prokić-Cvetković, Radica; Burzić, Meri; Lukic, Uros; Beljić, Biljana

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2014.05.076

Cited by 60 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…About two-thirds of those workers were in manufacturing industries (2). In this sector, there are about 730000 full time welding jobs and 5.5 million welding related jobs in Europe (3). In 2008, About 2.34 million people were killed in work-related accidents, 2.02 * cases of which were due to work-related diseases (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational exposure to welding gases during three welding processes and risk assessment by SQRCA method

Zeverdegani

Mehrifar

Faraji

et al. 2017

JOHE

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Received: August 2017, Accepted: September 2017 Background: Hazardous chemical agents in the welding operation are a mixture of metal fumes and toxic gases, the inhalation of which causes adverse health effects among welders. The emission of gases in the workplace is a logical cause for concern regarding the potential development of respiratory disease. The aim of the present study was to determine the concentration values of gases discharged during arc welding and perform risk assessment through semi-quantitative chemical risk assessment (SQCRA) method. Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in an Iranian steel mill on the 3 processes of plasma arc welding (PAW), submerged arc welding (SAW), and gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). Direct reading instruments were used for sampling of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), and ozone (O 3 ). SQCRA method was used for risk assessment of gases. Results: The concentrations of O 3 (0.356 ppm), CO (41.642 ppm), NO (6.357 ppm), and NO 2 (4.871 ppm) were found to exceed their threshold limit values (TLVs), while the concentrations of CO 2 (3879.285 ppm) were below its TLV. The maximum exposure concentration of all gases, except CO 2 , was observed in SAW. SQCRA method showed that among the gases, the highest and least risk rating was related to ozone and nitrogen monoxide, respectively. The risk rating for CO 2 , CO, and NO 2 was low, high, and very high, respectively. Conclusions: In this study, exposure values were higher than the threshold limit values-time weighted average (TLV-TWA) and the results of risk assessment showed that control engineering should be applied and the use of respiratory protective equipment (RPE) should be made mandatory for welders especially in SAW, PAW, and GTAW processes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational exposure to welding gases during three welding processes and risk assessment by SQRCA method

Zeverdegani

Mehrifar

Faraji

et al. 2017

JOHE

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“…Aerosols, which are formed as a result of complex vaporization-condensation-oxidation processes and include metal particles, are the main by-product of welding process [6]. The area of deposition of the particles in the respiratory tract strongly depends on the particles' * corresponding author; e-mail: tmert@yildiz.edu.tr shape and size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Matczak and Chmielnicka [21] have demonstrated that reduction of sodium and potassium in manual metal arcwelding electrodes leads to substantial reductions in Cr (VI) concentrations in the fume as well as a reduction in the fume formation rate. Health aspects associated with welding and cutting are quite important and the industry is continuing its research, to evaluate the welder's exposure to welding fumes and gases and their effects of on health and on climatic changes [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fume Formation Rate Analysis of Shipbuilding Steel with SMAW Using Taguchi Design and ANOVA

Mert

Ekinci

2017

Acta Phys. Pol. A

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Shipbuilding industry grows rapidly due to the increasing growth of economies and thus, the need for new and bigger ships emerge. Manufacturing of ships in shipyards includes harmful processes, such as welding, which impact the workers and the environment. As a consequence of increase in demand for new ships, deleterious welding fume and emissions all over the world increase year by year. Welding fume includes hazardous micro and sub-micro sized metal particulates and in addition to welding fume, welding emissions consist of detrimental gaseous wastes as well. In this study, a set of experiments was designed by Taguchi method. These experiments were realized by two welders using two different types of covered electrodes (rutile and cellulosic), welding speeds and currents on Grade A shipbuilding steel, which is one of the most common steels in shipbuilding. After the experiments, fume formation rate was measured and it was observed that the contributions of the factors are 92.47%, 5.42% and 1.66% for electrode type, current and welder, respectively. The results were assessed using Taguchi and ANOVA and evaluated in terms of environment and occupational health and safety.

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“…The slag that is formed during the melting process is primarily responsible for protecting the welding arc and molten weld pool from the atmosphere. Slag binds oxygen and nitrogen so effectively that it does not require any additional casing even in gusts of wind up to 6 m/s [1,13]. The process of self-shielding flux cored welding SSA ( Self-Shielded Arc Surfacing ) combines the features of welding flux cored gas-shielded welding and manual welding with coated electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Properties of Coatings Made with Self Shielded Cored Wire

Gucwa¹,

Winczek²,

Bęczkowski³

et al. 2016

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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The welding technologies are widely used for design of protection layer against wear and corrosion. Hardfacing, which is destined for obtaining coatings with high hardness, takes special place in these technologies. One of the most effective way of hardfacing is using self shielded flux cored arc welding (FCAW-S). Chemical composition obtained in flux cored wire is much more rich in comparison to this obtained in solid wire. The filling in flux cored wires can be enriched for example with the mixture of hard particles or phases with specified ratio, which is not possible for solid wires. This is the reason why flux cored wires give various possibilities of application of this kind of filler material for improving surface in mining industry, processing of minerals, energetic etc. In the present paper the high chromium and niobium flux cored wire was used for hardfacing process with similar heat input. The work presents studies of microstructures of obtained coatings and hardness and geometric properties of them. The structural studies were made with using optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction that allowed for identification of carbides and other phases obtained in the structures of deposited materials. Investigated samples exhibit differences in coating structures made with the same heat input 4,08 kJ/mm. There are differences in size, shape and distribution of primary and eutectic carbides in structure. These differences cause significant changes in hardness of investigated coatings.

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Fume and gas emission during arc welding: Hazards and recommendation

Cited by 60 publications

References 12 publications

Occupational exposure to welding gases during three welding processes and risk assessment by SQRCA method

Occupational exposure to welding gases during three welding processes and risk assessment by SQRCA method

Fume Formation Rate Analysis of Shipbuilding Steel with SMAW Using Taguchi Design and ANOVA

Structure and Properties of Coatings Made with Self Shielded Cored Wire

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