Fundamentals of MXene synthesis

Lim, Kang Rui Garrick; Shekhirev, Mikhail; Wyatt, Brian C.; Anasori, Babak; Gogotsi, Yury; Seh, Zhi Wei

doi:10.1038/s44160-022-00104-6

Cited by 483 publications

(266 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…Although the first member of the MXene family was discovered about a decade ago, attention on the rheological aspects of this 2D material has only come in the past few years [ 85 ]. According to Web of Science, the number of publications on MXene inks is 2, 7, 13, and 23, respectively, in 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020 while the number of publications on MXene rheology is only 0, 2, 6, and 7, respectively [ 86 ].…”

Section: Properties Of Mxene Inksmentioning

confidence: 99%

MXene-Based Ink Design for Printed Applications

2022

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MXenes are a class of two-dimensional nanomaterials with a rich chemistry, hydrophilic surface and mechano-ceramic nature, and have been employed in a wide variety of applications ranging from medical and sensing devises to electronics, supercapacitors, electromagnetic shielding, and environmental applications, to name a few. To date, the main focus has mostly been paid to studying the chemical and physical properties of MXenes and MXene-based hybrids, while relatively less attention has been paid to the optimal application forms of these materials. It has been frequently observed that MXenes show great potential as inks when dispersed in solution. The present paper aims to comprehensively review the recent knowledge about the properties, applications and future horizon of inks based on 2D MXene sheets. In terms of the layout of the current paper, 2D MXenes have briefly been presented and followed by introducing the formulation of MXene inks, the process of turning MAX to MXene, and ink compositions and preparations. The chemical, tribological and rheological properties have been deeply discussed with an eye to the recent developments of the MXene inks in energy, health and sensing applications. The review ends with a summary of research pitfalls, challenges, and future directions in this area.

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Section: Properties Of Mxene Inksmentioning

confidence: 99%

MXene-Based Ink Design for Printed Applications

2022

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“…There are currently several critical reviews proposing the latest development of the synthesis of MXenes and MXene-based heterostructures for various applications, including properties and toxicity assessments [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. However, despite this progress, only a few articles focus on the green and sustainable routes of MXene preparation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Greener and More Sustainable Synthesis of MXenes: A Review

Amrillah

Abdullah

Hermawan³

et al. 2022

Nanomaterials

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The unique properties of MXenes have been deemed to be of significant interest in various emerging applications. However, MXenes provide a major drawback involving environmentally harmful and toxic substances for its general fabrication in large-scale production and employing a high-temperature solid-state reaction followed by selective etching. Meanwhile, how MXenes are synthesized is essential in directing their end uses. Therefore, making strategic approaches to synthesize greener, safer, more sustainable, and more environmentally friendly MXenes is imperative to commercialize at a competitive price. With increasing reports of green synthesis that promote advanced technologies and non-toxic agents, it is critical to compile, summarize, and synthesize the latest development of the green-related technology of MXenes. We review the recent progress of greener, safer, and more sustainable MXene synthesis with a focus on the fundamental synthetic process, the mechanism, and the general advantages, and the emphasis on the MXene properties inherited from such green synthesis techniques. The emerging use of the so-called green MXenes in energy conversion and storage, environmental remediation, and biomedical applications is presented. Finally, the remaining challenges and prospects of greener MXene synthesis are discussed.

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“…MXenes are a class of transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides having the general formula M n + 1 X n T x ( n = 1–4), where M is an early transition metal (M = Ti, Nb, V, Cr etc. ), X is carbon and/or nitrogen, and T x are surface terminations (–OH, –O–, and/or –F) [ 19 ]. The unique properties of MXenes such as large surface area, high electrical conductivity and good biocompatibility have been utilized for developing high-performance electrochemical sensors [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel ReS2–Nb2CTx composite as a sensing platform for ultrasensitive and selective electrochemical detection of dipyramidole from human serum

Ankitha

Shabana

Rasheed

2022

Graphene and 2D mater

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The electrochemical detection of dipyridamole (DIPY) is highly essential since it is extensively used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and to impart inhibitory effects for cancer patients. In this work, we report the development of a novel composite of MXene and ReS 2 (ReS 2 –Nb 2 CT x ) by hydrothermal method. It was found that Nb 2 CT x was partially oxidized and ReS 2 nanoparticles were distributed on the surface of Nb 2 CT x during the hydrothermal synthesis. The ReS 2 –Nb 2 CT x was used to modify carbon cloth electrodes and used for the electrochemical detection of DIPY. The ratio of ReS 2 was optimized in the composite by varying the atomic ratio from 4 to 9 and it was found that 6ReS 2 –Nb 2 CT x showed the best sensing characteristics owing to the optimum interaction between ReS 2 and Nb 2 CT x . The developed sensor was able to detect DIPY linearly in the range 100 pM–1 μM and achieved a limit of detection of (LOD) of 28 pM. The modified electrode exhibited excellent selectivity towards DIPY in the presence of other interferents in addition to its good storage stability and repeatability. Furthermore, the developed sensor was also used for the detection of DIPY in human serum samples. Thus, this work paves the way to develop MXene-based platform for fabrication of flexible device capable of monitoring the acute levels of DIPY. Graphical abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41127-022-00055-x.

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Fundamentals of MXene synthesis

Cited by 483 publications

References 123 publications

MXene-Based Ink Design for Printed Applications

MXene-Based Ink Design for Printed Applications

Towards Greener and More Sustainable Synthesis of MXenes: A Review

A novel ReS2–Nb2CTx composite as a sensing platform for ultrasensitive and selective electrochemical detection of dipyramidole from human serum

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