Future challenges for smart cities: Cyber-security and digital forensics

Baig, Zubair A.; Szewczyk, Patryk; Valli, Craig; Rabadia, Priya; Hannay, Peter; Chernyshev, Maxim; Johnstone, Mike; Kerai, Paresh; Ibrahim, Ahmed; Sansurooah, Krishnun; Syed, Naeem Firdous; Peacock, Matthew

doi:10.1016/j.diin.2017.06.015

Cited by 207 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Security issues in Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems commonly used to manage energy systems are detailed in [32] for example. A comprehensive summary of the different threats faced across different smart city sectors is provided in [33], including malicious threats and insecure protocols in smart-grids, home automation systems and cloud storage. The authors also focus on the forensic data requirements to effectively investigate incidents protect against future incidents.…”

Section: Cyber-securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart energy systems for sustainable smart cities: Current developments, trends and future directions

et al. 2019

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Within the context of the Smart City, the need for intelligent approaches to manage and coordinate the diverse range of supply and conversion technologies and demand applications has been well established. The wide-scale proliferation of sensors coupled with the implementation of embedded computational intelligence algorithms can help to tackle many of the technical challenges associated with this energy systems integration problem. Nonetheless, barriers still exist, as suitable methods are needed to handle complex networks of actors, often with competing objectives, while determining design and operational decisions for systems across a wide spectrum of features and time-scales. This review looks at the current developments in the smart energy sector, focussing on techniques in the main application areas along with relevant implemented examples, while highlighting some of the key challenges currently faced and outlining future pathways for the sector. A detailed overview of a framework developed for the EU H2020 funded Sharing Cities project is also provided to illustrate the nature of the design stages encountered and control hierarchies required. The study aims to summarise the current state of computational intelligence in the field of smart energy management, providing insight into the ways in which current barriers can be overcome.

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Section: Cyber-securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart energy systems for sustainable smart cities: Current developments, trends and future directions

et al. 2019

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“…Recent work by Baig et al [9] took this issue a step further and examined the implications for smart cities with regards to cyber-security and digital forensics. Figure 1 [9] illustrates the forensic data sources in a smart city environment and the weight of evidence stored.…”

Section: The Changing Landscape Of Crimementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 1 [9] illustrates the forensic data sources in a smart city environment and the weight of evidence stored. The threats and criminal misuses in a smart city are increasingly heterogeneous and significant, with provisioning of resilient and end-to-end security being a daunting task.…”

Section: The Changing Landscape Of Crimementioning

confidence: 99%

Iot Forensics: Challenges for the Ioa Era

MacDermott

Baker

Shi

2018

2018 9th IFIP International Conference on New Technologies, Mobility and Security (NTMS)

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Abstract-Challenges for IoT-based forensic investigations include the increasing amount of objects of forensic interest, relevance of identified and collected devices, blurry network boundaries, and edgeless networks. As we look ahead to a world of expanding ubiquitous computing, the challenge of forensic processes such as data acquisition (logical and physical) and extraction and analysis of data grows in this space. Containing an IoT breach is increasingly challenging -evidence is no longer restricted to a PC or mobile device, but can be found in vehicles, RFID cards, and smart devices. Through the combination of cloud-native forensics with client-side forensics (forensics for companion devices), we can study and develop the connection to support practical digital investigations and tackle emerging challenges in digital forensics. With the IoT bringing investigative complexity, this enhances challenges for the Internet of Anything (IoA) era. IoA brings anything and everything "online" in a connectedness that generates an explosion of connected devices, from fridges, cars and drones, to smart swarms, smart grids and intelligent buildings. Research to identify methods for performing IoT-based digital forensic analysis is essential. The long-term goal is the development of digital forensic standards that can be used as part of overall IoT and IoA security and aid IoT-based investigations.

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“…Such capabilities as being able to collect data within and around the vehicles can make a significant impact on vehicular forensics that aims to investigate the reasons behind the accidents. This field will become even more important with the proliferation of self-driving cars which are prone to failures and cyber attacks [3]. Typically, after an accident, investigator specialists analyze the causes of the accident so that disputes among parties can be resolved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to those physical evidences digital data supplied from OBD ports and EDR introduce valuable complementary evidence for supporting the dispute resolution. Eventually, by enabling to capture, store and transfer the vehicle data, the puzzle including drivers, insurance companies, manufacturers and law enforcement authorities can be solved [3], [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Block4Forensic: An Integrated Lightweight Blockchain Framework for Forensics Applications of Connected Vehicles

et al. 2018

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Today's vehicles are becoming cyber-physical systems that do not only communicate with other vehicles but also gather various information from hundreds of sensors within them. These developments help create smart and connected (e.g., self-driving) vehicles that will introduce significant information to drivers, manufactures, insurance companies and maintenance service providers for various applications. One such application that is becoming crucial with the introduction of self-driving cars is the forensic analysis for traffic accidents. The utilization of vehicle related data can be instrumental in post-accident scenarios to find out the faulty party, particularly for self-driving vehicles. With the opportunity of being able to access various information on the cars, we propose a permissioned blockchain framework among the various elements involved to manage the collected vehicle related data. Specifically, we first integrate Vehicular Public Key Management (VPKI) to the proposed blockchain to provide membership establishment and privacy. Next, we design a fragmented ledger that will store detailed data related to vehicle such as maintenance information/history, car diagnosis reports, etc. The proposed forensic framework enables trustless, traceable and privacy-aware post-accident analysis with minimal storage and processing overhead.

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Future challenges for smart cities: Cyber-security and digital forensics

Cited by 207 publications

References 20 publications

Smart energy systems for sustainable smart cities: Current developments, trends and future directions

Smart energy systems for sustainable smart cities: Current developments, trends and future directions

Iot Forensics: Challenges for the Ioa Era

Block4Forensic: An Integrated Lightweight Blockchain Framework for Forensics Applications of Connected Vehicles

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