Gambaran Risiko Gangguan Jiwa pada Korban Bencana Alam Gempa di Lombok Nusa Tenggara Barat

Abstract

Background: Earthquake is known as a disaster causing considerable health problems requiring immediate post trauma rehabilitation. Prominent health problem emerging after a disaster is psychiatric and mental health problem.Purpose: The study aimed to identify mental health risk and other significant problems growing among the victim’s post-earthquake in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.Method: Mix method approach, which was used throughout the study, is a strategy to obtain the data from the disaster victims of 88 people in Lombok. This study collected the data using Psychiatric and Mental Health Disorder Detection Questionnaire and symptom documentation form after practicing Mindfulness Spiritual. Results: The result showed that victims experienced neurosis symptom (85,2%), psychotic symptom (25,9%), PTSD symptom (64,7%) and 13 people did not experience mental health disorder risk. The qualitative study result showed that the earthquake victims grievance was afraid and feeling anxiety to enter the house due to earthquake incident, family relationship and economy problems, ghost issue and numerous diseases.Conclusion: Earthquake lead to psychiatric and mental health disorder and problems including mental health, economy, spiritual and physic aspects among people in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. It is essential for the future research to conduct a research about the description of mental health disorder after practicing mindfulness spiritual and planning the intervention that had been agreed by the respondent.

Analisis Kompetensi Respon Bencana Pada Perawat Di Puskesmas Kabupaten Bireuen, Aceh

“…Bencana tersebut dapat menimbulkan empat dampak pada manusia antara lain yaitu; 1) dampak fisik seperti gangguan pemenuhan kebutuhan sehari-hari untuk makan, minum, tempat tinggal, kesehatan dan pendidikan (Rusmiyati &Hikmawati, 2012), 2) dampak psikologis seperti, gelisah, gangguan tidur, sulit melupakan kejadian, takut terjadi bencana kembali, takut kembali ke rumah, dan post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Dwidiyanti, Hadi, Wiguna & Ningsih, 2018), 3) dampakpsikososial seperti, kehilangan tempat tinggal baik sementara atau seterusnya, (Rusmiyati & Hikmawati, 2012) dan, 4) dampak spiritual seperti menarik diri, putus asa, merasa malu dan bersalah, kehilangan makna hidup, (Deloso, 2018).…”

Decreasing The Level of Depression for Earthquake Victims Through Counseling With a Motivational Interviewing Approach

“…Beda halnya dengan responden dengan usia produktif, bencana dianggap suatu kemarahan Tuhan karena kelakukan manusia, dikaitkan dengan perilaku negatif dan kejadian mistis. Begitu juga tingkat pendidikan yang berbeda akan membuat penerimaan kejadian juga akan berbeda terlebih lagi jenis kelamin yang mayoritas perempuan sehingga mempunyai penerimaan dan pola pikir yang berbeda terhadap bencana yang dihadapi, mulai dari kehilangan keluarga, kehilangan pekerjaan atau mata pencaharian, kehilangan motivasi dan kesepian, pemikiran akan masa depan seperti kemiskinan, konflik, kurangnya kesadaran diri/apatis dan kurang percaya diri (Dwidiyanti, Hadi, Wiguna, & Ningsih, 2018).…”

“…Perempuan lebih banyak memikirkan tentang dampak bencana dan memiliki ikatan batin serta emosi yang dalam terhadap keluarga dibanding dengan lakilaki (Naeem et al, 2011). Rata-rata responden berpendidikan rendah dengan kondisi tidak bekerja pasca gempa menjadi faktor resiko stress, gangguan kesehatan jiwa akibat rendahnya pengetahuan mengenai manajemen pasca gempa, trauma healing dan lemahnya kondisi ekonomi korban (Dwidiyanti et al, 2018 (Mutianingsih, 2019). Banyak individu yang mengalami trauma dalam kehidupannya, apalagi bagi masyarakat Indonesia yang rawan tertimpa bencana.…”

The Effect of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder on Women After The Earthquake in Central Sulawesi

“…The prevalence of PTSD in Wenchuan was generally around 1.92% in affected areas and around 2.71% in severely affected areas (Du et al, 2018). Dwidiyanti, Hadi, Wiguna, & Ningsih, (2018) revealed that according to WHO data from 2013, the majority of disaster survivors have normal psychological reactions following the disaster, 15-30% develop mild mental disorders or PTSD, and 3-4% develop severe psychological disorders such as psychosis, major depression, and high anxiety. A systematic review on mental health following the 2011 earthquake in Japan discovered that approximately 10-53% of the population experienced PTSD after the earthquake, while approximately 3-43% of earthquake survivors experienced depression.…”