Gastroenteritis in Suckling Mice Caused by Human Rotavirus Can Be Prevented with Egg Yolk Immunoglobulin (IgY) and Treated with a Protein‐Bound Polysaccharide Preparation (PSK)

Abstract

Oral inoculation of human rotavirus MO strain (serotype 3) into 5-dayold BALB/c mice cause gastroenteritis characterized by diarrhea. Clinical symptoms, histopathological changes in the small intestine, and the detection of rotavirus antigen in enterocytes were all characteristic of rotavirus-induced gastroenteritis. Using this small animal model, passive protection of suckling mice against human rotavirus infection was achieved with the use of immunoglobulin (IgY) from the yolks of eggs of rotavirus-immunized hens. When IgY against a rotavirus strain homotypic to the challenge virus (MO strain) was administered in the mice, complete protection against rotavirus infection was achieved. On the other hand, with oral administration of IgY against a heterotypic strain (serotype 1 , Wa strain), a lower protective effect was nevertheless obtained. The four different strains of human rotavirus (Wa, KUN, MO, and ST3) were inactivated in vitro by treatment with PSK, a protein-bound polysaccharide preparation, in a dose-dependent manner . Oral administration of 2.5 mg of PSK caused a therapeutic effect on experimentally MO-infected suckling mice. The antiviral effect of PSK was indicated by the reduction of the duration of diarrhea.

Passive immunizations of suckling mice and infants with bovine colostrum containing antibodies to human rotavirus

“…Protection against disease correlated with the in vitro neutralizing activity of cow colostrum against the MO strain (Table 11). These data confirmed previous results [Ebina et al, 1990;Ebina and Tsukada, 19911. However, purified IgG or IgM and secretory IgA fractions derived from Rota colostrum did not prevent rotavirus-induced diarrhea (Table V).…”

Effect of Dietary Anti‐Urease Immunoglobulin Y on Helicobacter pylori Infection in Mongolian Gerbils

“…These results suggest that while the gastric mucosa was initially challenged by H. pylori in both groups, dietary pretreatment with IgY in the presence of famotidine probably caused the bacteria to be excreted, whilst still having positive antibody titers. Oral administration of IgY has been shown by many researchers to be effective in preventing a number of intestinal infections, including those caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli [15] and human rotavirus [12][13][14]16], even in the absence of concomitant antacid administration. These efficacies against Helicobacter infection of colostral immune preparations containing Helicobacter-specific antibodies were observed even in the absence of antacid treatment.…”

Passive protection against bovine rotavirus in calves by specific immunoglobulins from chicken egg yolk

“…The use of egg yolk immunoglobulins (yIg) is promising as it has become possible to mass-produce yIg using improved bioengineering methods [9,20]. The efficacy of yIg against rotavirus infections in mice has been investigated [2,7,12,21]. Although the murine model is useful for basic characterization of anti-BRV yIg preparations, BRV as well as other non-murine strains of rotavirus do not replicate well in mice, due to natural host range restriction [4,12].…”