Gender Differences on COVID-19 Related Anxiety Among Students

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic creates complex problems and in almost all aspects of life, everyone has been anxious, worried, and panicked about survival. Starting with children, young and old, men and women feel anxious about the threat of COVID-19. This study aimed to determine the differences in anxiety levels between male and female students during the COVID-19 period based on the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (Hamilton, 1969). This study used a survey method with a descriptive design. Sampling using accidental sampling, 396 respondents consisted of 99 male and 297 female with age range of 21-23 years was acquired. Data analysis was based on univariate and bivariate analysis using Chi-Square. The results showed that overall respondents were experiencing high levels of anxiety about COVID-19. On the other hand, there was non-significant difference in anxiety levels between male and female students in facing the COVID-19 pandemic; thereby, indicating that gender did not have significant role in emotional reactivity, such as anxiety and fear. Anxiety would arise when there would be environmental pressures that can hinder one's activities of both male and female students.

Causes of Anxiety Among Engineering Students While Making Oral Presentations in English

“…The findings reinforce that overthinking is one of the causes of anxiety. A changed environment and poor adaptability may also cause anxiety which, if not controlled, may lead to further psychological disorders (Thahir et al, 2021). Based on the participants" views, the present study also suggests that though speaking English is the main cause of anxiety, yet it is exacerbated due to a lack of exposure at school and college levels and the past experiences of the participants.…”

Mindfulness Therapy to Lower the Tendency to Fear of Missing Out (FoMo)

“…Based on research conducted by Thahir & Bulantika (2021), it is said that mindfulness exercises can reduce the fear of missing out on social media. With the provision of mindfulness therapy, individuals will be trained to find body reactions, emotions, reduce negative thoughts and promote positive thinking.…”

“…Mindfulness therapy itself has a good effectiveness in lowering the tendency to fear of missing out or FoMO in generation Z Instagram users. This statement is based on research that has been conducted by Thahir & Bulantika (2021), namely found results that after group counseling interventions with mindfulness therapy exercises showed that there was a decrease in the score at the level of fear of missing out. In general, group counseling with mindfulness therapy exercises is capable and effective in reducing FoMO and can be used for the first step in preventing or reducing mild fear of missing out in students who use social media (Thahir & Bulantika, 2021).…”

“…This statement is based on research that has been conducted by Thahir & Bulantika (2021), namely found results that after group counseling interventions with mindfulness therapy exercises showed that there was a decrease in the score at the level of fear of missing out. In general, group counseling with mindfulness therapy exercises is capable and effective in reducing FoMO and can be used for the first step in preventing or reducing mild fear of missing out in students who use social media (Thahir & Bulantika, 2021). Based on the explanation above, a formulation of the problem regarding whether mindfulness therapy can reduce the tendency to fear of missing out or FoMO in generation Z Instagram users will be the focus in this study.…”

The Role of Cognitive Empathy on Adolescents’ Phubbing During Pandemic Covid-19

“…Individuals feel comfortable and do not worry whether their behaviour will be judged negatively (Bulantika & Sari, 2019). Yet, people tend to adopt such norms quickly since they assume others will think and do the same the way they do (Thahir et al, 2021). Therefore, individuals with high cognitive empathy are better able to understand, read, and imagine people's points of view, perspectives, or emotions (cognitive empathy), thus, it will be likely more related to ignoring people who talk to them, which refers to phubbing behaviour.…”