Genealogi Gerakan Penegakan Syari’at Islam Di Indonesia

Abstract

Enforcement of Islamic law in Indonesia has historically and empirically problem. Debating in this case is not a new discourse of Islamic law, but of a "burden of history" which until this moment has not been completed. Political law of Dutch colonial that twist the facts enactment of Islamic law, caused marginalization of the Shari'ah in the Indonesian legal system. As a result, there are fragmentation among the Muslims in the form and establishes the basic state at the beginning of independence. Two groups of Muslims appeared, namely the secular nationalist and Islamic nationalist group. During reformation period, appear artifisialistic and reductionist understanding, when Islamic law narrowed at the level of legal provisions that formal and rigid. The emergence of regional regulations of Shari'ah, was more the efforts of syariah formalization rather than enforcing the doctrine of universal substance. It can be seen from the regulated materials that only at the outside or the skin only, not on the key issues that touch the lives of many people. Besides, it appears a group that understands the shari'ah as a solution and a way of life that is totalistic, without considering aspects of historicity and contextuality. As a result is widespread understanding of Islamism is more emphasis than substance formalization. Transformation understand fundamentalism in the Middle East are sourced from Wahhabi’s teachings that has a big influence in developing the ideology called salafiyah ideological.

The Effect of National Insight and Religious Moderation on Radical Behavior of Secondary School Students

“…This finding is not in line with the view of Mahmuddin [32], which explains low understanding of the young generation among high school students about nationalism, history, and Islamism and tends to think and act radically because of the ineffectiveness of the history learning process, civic education, and religious education. This finding is also not in line with the results of Sodiqin's [14] research, which explains that the radical understanding of the younger generation is getting stronger in the form of aggressive behavior caused by a narrow and intolerant understanding of religion. The Mata Air Foundation and Alvara Research Center survey showed that 23.3% of high school students agreed with Jihad to establish an Islamic state or caliphate is not in line with the findings of this study.…”

“…At the beginning of the independence, there was a debate about the basis of the state. Then, Islamic nationalist groups who insisted on defending the Jakarta Charter "Belief in One Supreme God by implementing Islamic law for its adherents" finally accepted the revision of the first precepts of the Jakarta Charter [14][15][16]. This is the initial evidence of the compromise values shown by the majority group of Muslims, willing to give in for the realization of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia [15,17].…”

“…From these survey institutions, it can be concluded that in the reform era, there was a tendency to strengthen the theocratic communal attitude of religious adherents (Islam) and the rise of discourses of movement to enforce Islamic law in various regions of Indonesia. Even radical understanding is getting stronger in the form of aggressive behavior that relies on their religious understanding, and they will take radical action if there are issues that touch their religious understanding [14,30].…”

Goverment Control of Islamic Ideology Movement: A Case of Indonesia

“…Jihad arbab al-dzulm wa al-bid'ah simply means jihad against tyranny and bid'ah. 42 Aligning with the issue of terrorism on a global scale makes Al-Qaeda a frightening specter. Roy (2017) stated that the radical Salafi movement or Islamic neo-fundamentalism has led to the emergence of bomb terror used to attack foreign facilities belonging to America and Europe.…”