Ginseng Berry Extract Rich in Phenolic Compounds Attenuates Oxidative Stress but not Cardiac Remodeling post Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

The cardioprotective effects of ginseng root extracts have been reported. However, nothing is known about the myocardial actions of the phenolic compounds enriched in ginseng berry. Therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate the effects of American ginseng berry extract (GBE) in an experimental model of myocardial infarction (MI). Coronary artery ligation was performed on Sprague–Dawley male rats to induce MI after which animals were randomized into groups receiving either distilled water or GBE intragastrically for 8 weeks. Echocardiography and assays for malondialdehyde (MDA) and TNF-α were conducted. Flow cytometry was used to test the effects of GBE on T cell phenotypes and cytokine production. Although GBE did not improve the cardiac functional parameters, it significantly attenuated oxidative stress in post-MI rat hearts. GBE treatment also resulted in lower than control levels of TNF-α in post-MI rat hearts indicating a strong neutralizing effect of GBE on this cytokine. However, there was no effect of GBE on the proportion of different T cell subsets or ex-vivo cytokine production. Taken together, the present study demonstrates GBE reduces oxidative stress, however no effect on cardiac structure and function in post-MI rats. Moreover, reduction of TNF-α levels below baseline raises concern regarding its use as prophylactic or preventive adjunct therapy in cardiovascular disease.

Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Secretome

“…A large number of experimental studies demonstrated that MSC-derived secretome, particularly MSC-Exos, may be used for cardiac regeneration (Table 5) [31,32,33,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121] Importantly, cardioprotective effects of MSC-EVs corresponded to beneficial effects of their parental MSCs [31,32,33]. By using an animal model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, Lai and colleagues showed that MSC-Exos significantly reduced infarct size [31] while Arslan and co-workers revealed that MSC-Exos enhanced myocardial viability through the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway [32].…”

“…Survival, angiogenic potency and capacity for self-renewal were significantly improved in MSC-Exo-primed CSCs [119]. MSC-Exo-mediated modulation of CSC function has been attributed to the delivery of specific microRNAs (miR-15, miR-21, miR-22, miR-126, miR-146a, miR-210) which prevented apoptosis and promoted survival and proliferation of CSCs [110,119,120].…”

Ягоды: Химический Состав, Антиоксидантная Активность. Влияние Потребления Ягод На Здоровье Человека

“…Продолжается поиск ягод с высокой антиоксидантной активностью. Находки последних лет: ягоды асаи из Южной Америки [54], годжи из Тибета [98], женьшеня [99].…”

Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health

“…Among these natural health products is American Ginseng. Parikh et al [12] describe the cardioprotective effects of American Ginseng root extract (GBE) using a rat model of congestive heart failure due to MI induced by coronary artery ligation. Although treatment with GBE did not improve cardiac remodeling and function, attenuation of oxidative stress and TNFα was seen.…”