Gordonia crocea sp. nov. and Gordonia spumicola sp. nov. isolated from sludge of a wastewater treatment plant

Abstract

<jats:p>Two novel actinobacteria, designated NBRC 107696<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> and NBRC 107697<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>, were isolated from sludge samples from a wastewater treatment plant and their taxonomic positions were investigated by a polyphasic approach. The cells of the strains were aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile and non-endospore-forming. The strains contained glutamic acid, alanine and <jats:italic>meso</jats:italic>-diaminopimelic acid in the peptidoglycan. Galactose and arabinose were detected as cell-wall sugars. The predominant menaquinone was identified as MK-9(H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>) and the major fatty acids were C<jats:sub>16 : 0</jats:sub>, C<jats:sub>18 : 1</jats:sub>ω9c and C<jats:sub>16 : 1</jats:sub>ω7c. The DNA G+C contents of NBRC 107696<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> and NBRC 107697<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> were 68.07 and 68.99 mol%, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that NBRC 107696<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> and NBRC 107697<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> were a clade with members of the genus <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="genus"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.6287" xlink:type="simple">Gordonia</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic>. The highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values were obtained with <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="species"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.10216" xlink:type="simple">Gordonia araii</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic> IFM 10211<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> (98.9 %) for NBRC 107697<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>, and <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="species"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.10748" xlink:type="simple">Gordonia malaquae</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic> IMMIB WWCC-22<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>, <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="species"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.20356" xlink:type="simple">Gordonia neofelifaecis</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic> AD-6<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> and <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="species"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.20345" xlink:type="simple">Gordonia humi</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic> CC-12301<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> (98.1 %) for NBRC 107696<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>, respectively. The digital DNA–DNA relatedness data coupled with the combination of genotypic and phenotypic data indicated that the two strains are representatives of two novel separate species. The names proposed to accommodate these two strains are <jats:italic>Gordonia spumicola</jats:italic> sp. nov. and <jats:italic>Gordonia crocea</jats:italic> sp. nov., and the type strains are NBRC 107696<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> (=IFM 10067<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>=TBRC 11239<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>) and NBRC 107697<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> (=IFM 10881<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>=TBRC 11240<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>), respectively.</jats:p>

Gordonia jinghuaiqii sp. nov. and Gordonia zhaorongruii sp. nov., isolated from Tibetan Plateau wildlife

“…S5), which was present in some of its close relatives (G. hankookensis KCTC 19599 T , G. soli JCM 14298 T and G. terrae JCM 3612 T ) [8,9,36]. Structurally, the wholecell sugars of strain zg-686 T contained ribose, mannose, glucose, arabinose and galactose, one unit (mannose) more than G. lacunae JCM 14873 T [10] but was far more complicated than those of the rest of the closely related strains [8,9,36,37] except it is unknown for G. terrae JCM 3612 T . Although sharing arabinose in common, ribose as a cell-wall sugar in strain HY186 T has not been reported in its nearest phylogenetic relatives [37][38][39].…”

“…terrae JCM 3612 T . Although sharing arabinose in common, ribose as a cell-wall sugar in strain HY186 T has not been reported in its nearest phylogenetic relatives [37–39]. The respiratory quinones of strain zg-686 T comprised MK8(H 2 ) (10.8 %) and MK9(H 2 ) (89.2 %), different from MK9(H 2 ) only in G.…”

“…CFA compositions of strains of the two novel species and their relatives Strains: 1, zg-686 T ; 2, zg-691; 3, Gordonia hankookensis KCTC 19599 T ; 4, Gordonia terrae JCM 3612 T ; 5, Gordonia westfalica DSM 44215 T [40]; 6, Gordonia amicalis DSM 44461 T [41]; 7, Gordonia lacunae DSM 45085 T [10]; 8, Gordonia soli KACC 16267 T [9]; 9, HY186 T ; 10, HY189; 11, Gordonia shandongensis DSM 45094 T ; 12, Gordonia malaquae DSM 45064 T ; 13, Gordonia spumicola NBRC 107696 T[37]. Values are percentages of total fatty acids determined in this study unless indicated.…”

“…T ; 12, Gordonia malaquae DSM 45064 T ; 13, Gordonia spumicola NBRC 107696 T[37]. Data are from this study unless indicated with a reference after the strain.…”

Gordonia asplenii sp. nov., isolated from humic soil on bird’s nest fern (Asplenium nidus L.)

“…For example, Gordonia terrae was isolated from primary cutaneous infection. Gordonia aichiensis , Gordonia araii , Gordonia bronchialis , Gordonia effusa and Gordonia rubripertincta were isolated from sputa of patients with pulmonary disease [3]. However, in recent years, most novel species of this genus have been isolated from various environmental samples such as Gordonia hankookensis isolated from soil, Gordonia cholesterolivorans isolated from sewage sludge, Gordonia phosphorivorans isolated from wastewater and Gordonia didemni isolated from marine tunicates [4].…”