Grape and Wine Varietal Authentication by DNA Analysis

This, P.; Siret, René; Lacombe, T.; Laucou, Valérie; Moreau, Fabienne; Varès, Didier; Boursiquot, Jean‐Michel

doi:10.1021/bk-2007-0952.ch014

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Nuclear simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were shown to be useful for determining cultivar identity (Thomas et al , 1994 and to solve problems of homonyms and synonyms (Riaz et al 2004;Sefc et al 2001;Montaner et al 2004;Ortiz et al 2004;Lowe and Walker 2006;This et al 2006aThis et al , 2006b. They were also very useful for the analysis of genetic diversity in grape collections (Lopes et al 1999;Sefc et al 2000;Aradhya et al 2003;Martin et al 2003) and for pedigree reconstruction (Thomas and Scott 1993;Thomas et al 1994;Bowers et al 1999a;Di Vecchi Staraz et al 2007;Lacombe et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of Moroccan grape accessions conserved ex situ compared to Maghreb and European gene pools

Oualkadi

Ater

Messaoudi

et al. 2011

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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Equipe DAVEM = Diversité et Adaptation de la Vigne et des Espèces Méditerranéennes Contact : ai.oualkadi@gmail.comGrape diversity present in Morocco and the part of this diversity used nowadays are poorly documented. In order to choose diversified genotypes, to select them so that their agronomic interest will be tested, a group of 21 autochthonous cultivars preserved in the germplasm collections of SODEA and 18 Moroccan cultivars from "Domaine de Vassal" INRA grape collection was compared to a group of cultivars from neighbouring countries (Algeria and Tunisia), and from a core collection optimizing simple sequence repeat (SSR) allelic diversity of grape. Data from 20 nuclear and 3 chloroplastic SSR markers were obtained for this set of 211 cultivars. A total of 156 alleles (mean of 7.8 alleles per locus) were detected for the nSSRs and 7 alleles for the cpSSR in the Moroccan group. Chlorotype diversity in Moroccan and Algerian group were similar, but slightly lower than in the Tunisian group and the core collection. Similarly, the nSSR diversity was high in the core collection and low in the Moroccan and the Algerian groups compared to the two other groups. Clustering of cultivars based on nSSR data reflected their geographical origin and, to a certain extent, the use of the cultivars. The specificity of the Moroccan plant material was attested by the Bayesian analysis using Structure, while differences of the core collection were clearly revealed both by the Bayesian and a multivariate analysis. These results confirm the differentiation of the material from Maghreb and more specifically of Moroccan material, having evolved independently from Europe

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of Moroccan grape accessions conserved ex situ compared to Maghreb and European gene pools

Oualkadi

Ater

Messaoudi

et al. 2011

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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“…In the early 1990, nuclear microsatellite markers were shown to be useful in determining cultivar identity and identifying mistakes Thomas et al, 1994). Germplasm collections have already been characterised using microsatellite markers (Aradhya et al, 2003;Lopes et al, 1999;Martin et al, 2003;Sefc et al, 2000) thus demonstrating the usefulness of these markers to solve problems of homonymies or synonymies (Sefc et al, 2000;This et al, 2006b). The markers have also been very useful for analyses of genetic diversity (Aradhya et al, 2003;Lopes et al, 1999;Martin et al, 2003;Sefc et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of Moroccan grapevine germplasm using SSR markers for the establishment of a reference collection

Oualkadi

Ater²,

Messaoudi

et al. 2009

OENO One

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Aims:This study aims to characterize the SODEA ampelographic collection in Meknès, the only germplasm repository in Morocco. To assess the usefulness of this germplasm, a study was conducted to verify the trueness to type of the genotypes and to provide the first database for a reference collection in Morocco. A core collection was then established to define a small sample easier to handel further characterization. Methods and results:Ninety-four grapevine samples from the collection were analyzed using 20 nuclear SSR markers. From these samples, we identified 67 grapevine genotypes. The nuclear SSRs revealed a high diversity within the SODEA collection: 202 alleles were detected with a mean of 10.1 alleles per locus. Analysis of molecular data with the software DARwin was used to classify the genotypes into six groups according to their origin or their genetic relatedness. The 18 autochthonous cultivars were differentiated according to geographical origin (North vs. South). We established a core collection among this germplasm using MSTRAT: the complete diversity present in the collection was captured with only 34 individuals. Nevertheless, an optimal core collection representing 89% of the diversity was constituted by only 17 cultivars. Among these 17 individuals, 5 are autochthonous. Conclusion:The collection of SODEA represents a unique resources of grapevines for Morocco. It contains several important autochthonous cultivars in terms of diversity and agronomic utilisation.Significance and impact of the study: The study showed potential and interest of the cultivars present in the collection of SODEA, suggesting that their utilisation may be important for the farmers.Objectifs : Cette étude a pour objectif de caractériser la collection ampélographique de la SODEA à Meknès, l'unique conservatoire de ressources génétiques vignes existant au Maroc. Pour évaluer l'intérêt de ce conservatoire, une étude a été conduite afin de vérifier l'identité exacte des génotypes et d'établir la première base de données relative à cette collection de référence. Une core collection a ensuite été établie afin de définir un sous-échantillon restreint, plus facile à gérer pour de futures analyses.Méthodes et résultats : Quatre-vingt quatorze échantillons de vigne prélevés dans la collection ont été analysés en utilisant 20 marqueurs microsatellites. À partir de ces échantillons, nous avons identifié 67 génotypes distincts. L'analyse de ces marqueurs a révélé une grande diversité au sein de la collection de la SODEA : 202 allèles ont été détectés avec une moyenne de 10,1 allèles par locus. Les données moléculaires ont été analysées avec le programme DARwin. Les génotypes ont pu être répartis en 6 groupes, en relation avec leur origine ou leur relation génétique. Les 18 cultivars autochtones ont été différenciés en fonction de leur origine géographique (Nord vs. Sud). Nous avons établi une core collection à partir de ces ressources génétiques en utilisant le logiciel MSTRAT : la diversité totale présente dans ce conservatoire peut êt...

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“…It is thus still essential to have optimal procedures for wine DNA extraction that can produce DNA fractions compatible with consistent and reliable Vitis vinifera genome target amplification. However, even given the historical [22, 23, 24, 25] and more recently proven reliability of the molecular approach for varietal authentication [26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32], the efficacy of wine DNA extraction and genotyping should be further tested on several wine types, and a statistical supporting tool for allele observation in Wine DNA Fingerprinting (WDF) and genotyping assignment must still be developed. Several analytical methods for wine varietal authentication have been used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to integrate wet lab and bioinformatics procedures for wine DNA admixture analysis and compositional profiling: Case studies and perspectives

Vignani

Lió²,

Scali

2019

PLoS ONE

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The varietal authentication of wines is fundamental for assessing wine quality, and it is part of its compositional profiling. The availability of historical, cultural and chemical composition information is extremely important for quality evaluation. DNA-based techniques are a powerful tool for proving the varietal composition of a wine. SSR-amplification of genomic residual Vitis vinifera DNA, namely Wine DNA Fingerprinting (WDF) is able to produce strong, analytical evidence concerning the monovarietal nature of a wine, and for blended wines by generating the probability of the presence/absence of a certain variety, all in association with a dedicated bioinformatics elaboration of genotypes associated with possible varietal candidates. Together with WDF we could exploit Bioinformatics techniques, due to the number of grape genomes grown. In this paper, the use of WDF and the development of a bioinformatics tool for allelic data validation, retrieved from the amplification of 7 to 10 SSRs markers in the Vitis vinifera genome, are reported. The wines were chosen based on increasing complexity; from monovarietal, experimental ones, to commercial monovarietals, to blended commercial wines. The results demonstrate that WDF, after calculation of different distance matrices and Neighbor-Joining input data, followed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) can effectively describe the varietal nature of wines. In the unknown blended wines the WDF profiles were compared to possible varietal candidates (Merlot, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon and Zinfandel), and the output graphs show the most probable varieties used in the blend as closeness to the tested wine. This pioneering work should be meant as to favor in perspective the multidisciplinary building-up of on-line databanks and bioinformatics toolkits on wine. The paper concludes with a discussion on an integrated decision support system based on bioinformatics, chemistry and cultural data to assess wine quality.

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Grape and Wine Varietal Authentication by DNA Analysis

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Genetic diversity of Moroccan grape accessions conserved ex situ compared to Maghreb and European gene pools

Genetic diversity of Moroccan grape accessions conserved ex situ compared to Maghreb and European gene pools

Molecular characterization of Moroccan grapevine germplasm using SSR markers for the establishment of a reference collection

How to integrate wet lab and bioinformatics procedures for wine DNA admixture analysis and compositional profiling: Case studies and perspectives

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