Gravity Drawing of Micro‐ and Nanofibers for Additive Manufacturing of Well‐Organized 3D‐Nanostructured Scaffolds

Abstract

This work introduces a gravity fiber drawing (GFD) method of making single filament nanofibers from polymer solutions and precise alignment of the fibers in 3D scaffolds. This method is advantageous for nanofiber 3D alignment in contrast to other known methods. GFD provides a technology for the fabrication of freestanding filament nanofibers of well‐controlled diameter, draw ratio, and 3D organization with controllable spacing and angular orientation between nanofibers. The GFD method is capable of fabricating complex 3D scaffolds combining fibers with different diameters, chemical compositions, mechanical properties, angular orientations, and multilayer structures in the same construct. The scaffold porosity can be as high as 99% to secure transport of nutrients and space for cell infiltration and differentiation in tissue engineering and 3D cell culture applications.

Curcuminoid-Tailored Interfacial Free Energy of Hydrophobic Fibers for Enhanced Biological Properties

“… 2 , 4 , 5 In this context, the fabrication of polymeric architectures aiming at the native tissues has been one of the main challenges in the field. For this purpose, several methods have been developed and refined to generate nanoscale scaffolds as ECM substitutes, such as molding, 6 microfluidics, 7 phase separation, 8 drawing, 9 and electrospinning. 4 , 10 , 11 Among these methods, electrospinning has been consolidated as a simple, versatile and cost-effective technique to produce ultrathin and nanofibers from a wide range of polymers.…”

“…Polymeric scaffolds have gained much attention over the last two decades. ,, In this context, the fabrication of polymeric architectures aiming at the native tissues has been one of the main challenges in the field. For this purpose, several methods have been developed and refined to generate nanoscale scaffolds as ECM substitutes, such as molding, microfluidics, phase separation, drawing, and electrospinning. ,, Among these methods, electrospinning has been consolidated as a simple, versatile and cost-effective technique to produce ultrathin and nanofibers from a wide range of polymers. , Because of its intrinsic high porosity and interconnectivity, electrospun fibers have been the target of many applications in the biomedical field, including drug delivery, , tissue engineering, ,, and wound dressing. − …”

Science and Technology of Additive Manufacturing Progress: Processes, Materials, and Applications

“…25 . With some revisions in the scaffolding instrument, it is simple to coil or wind the fiber around various geometries [ 83 ] (see Fig. 25 ).…”

ZnO/Nanocarbons‐Modified Fibrous Scaffolds for Stem Cell‐Based Osteogenic Differentiation

“…Because various degenerative bone diseases and inflammatory joint disturb many people all over the world, there is currently an urgent need for the supply of osteogenic and anti‐infective scaffolds that provide bone regenerative therapies in the clinic. [ 1–8 ] Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are frequently investigated to differentiate to different kinds of cell lineage, including osteoblasts, they are considered as a good candidate for bone therapy. [ 1,4,9–13 ] Meanwhile, MSCs’ differentiation can be driven by the chemical and physical cues at material/cellular interfaces, thus providing a controllable protocol to manipulate the differentiation of MSCs without using complex bio‐factors or cellular reprogramming processes.…”