Grease oil humidity sensor by using metamaterial

Dalgaç, Şekip; Furat, Murat; Karaaslan, Muharrem; Akgöl, Oğuzhan; Karadağ, Faruk; Zile, Mehmet; Bakır, Mehmet

doi:10.1080/09205071.2020.1824690

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In Eq. 3, ϵ ' r is real permittivity, ϵ '' r is imaginary permittivity while f is the frequency that de nes the dispersive characteristics over the operating range of frequencies (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35). The instantaneous permittivity over the operating frequency range is measured because materials' permittivity exhibit a frequency dispersive phenomenon at high frequencies.…”

Section: A Sample's Permittivity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before performing the measurements, the VNA was calibrated in three stages in the desired frequency range (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35): open circuit, short circuit, and 50 loads. The same six liquid samples listed in Table II were prepared with ethanol concentrations ranging from 0-90% to avoid unnecessary complexity.…”

Section: Experimental Analysis Of Ethanol With Different Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 Taking these advantages of mm-wave frequencies into account, we propose a double-layered resonator for detecting the presence of ethanol in liquid solutions at 5G mm-wave frequencies. Recently, several microwave sensing techniques have been proposed, including micro uidic channels, 20 the substrateetched method, 14,21 and the use of a sample holder/case. 22 They are, however, challenging to integrate into practical applications and may necessitate a large sample volume for examination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Detection of Ethanol Concentration in Liquid Using a Double-Layered Resonator Operating at 5G-mm-Wave Frequencies

Qureshi

Abidin

Majid

et al. 2022

J. Electron. Mater.

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This paper discusses a new sensing technique for detecting ethanol concentration in aqueous solutions rapidly based on electromagnetic resonance. The sensor consists of two substrate layers and operates at 5G millimetre-wave frequencies (5G mm-wave). An experimental study of the new resonator's con guration is undertaken in determining the sensor's sensitivity. During the measurements, 6 samples were modelled with varying amounts of ethanol concentration in the water. The results showed that S 11 resonance moves linearly towards higher frequencies as the ethanol content increases. The resonance shifted by 178 MHz for every 10% increase in ethanol. As a result, the proposed 5G mm-Wave sensing technique based on a replaceable sensing layer proves to be suitable for rapid, accurate, and low-cost alcohol content detection in liquids.

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Section: A Sample's Permittivity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Analysis Of Ethanol With Different Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Detection of Ethanol Concentration in Liquid Using a Double-Layered Resonator Operating at 5G-mm-Wave Frequencies

Qureshi

Abidin

Majid

et al. 2022

J. Electron. Mater.

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show abstract

“…Several techniques for sample investigations have been carried out using metamaterial-based resonators. The model with an engraved space in the substrate was proposed in [14], [15] comprising of a metamaterial liquid sensor integrating feed transmission line (FTL). However, this concept of engraved space to hold material under test (MUT) may potentially produce errors in repeated measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double-Layered metamaterial resonator operating at millimetre wave for detection of dengue virus

Qureshi

Abidin

Majid

et al. 2022

AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications

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“…In this way, due to its technical significance, there are in literature different approaches to tackle this problem efficiently. For instance, the changes in the electromagnetic parameters in liquids have been exploited in order to monitor properties such as temperature [20,21], humidity [22,23] and acidity [24]. However, in most industrial processes wired network of all the sensors is costly and constructively difficult, which sometimes makes unfeasible the real-life application of these sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Harvesting System Using Rectenna Applied to Wireless Powered Remote Temperature Sensing

Zanon¹,

Resende²,

Brandão³

et al. 2021

PIER C

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Nowadays, due to the ever-increasing number of electronic devices and communication systems that use high-frequency electromagnetic waves, a significant level of electromagnetic energy is available in the environment that is not entirely used. In this work, a complete electromagnetic harvesting system using a rectenna is proposed to collect this energy and feed a temperature measurement module. The rectenna is constituted by a combination of a microstrip antenna that captures the electromagnetic energy and a rectifier circuit that converts it into electric energy in direct current (DC) form to feed ultra-low-power loads. The proposed system uses a rectangular microstrip antenna, designed and optimized by using the Computer Simulation Technology (CST R ⃝ ) software to operate at 2.45 GHz. This designed antenna presents a measured reflection coefficient lower than −20 dB at the operating frequency with a maximum gain equal to 7.26 dB. In addition, a voltage doubler rectifier circuit is designed and optimized by using the Advanced Design System (ADS R ⃝ ) to match the impedance of the designed antenna to reduce the reflection losses between these two modules, achieving maximum measured efficiency of approximately 33%. Furthermore, a boost converter circuit is designed for the power management between collected and delivered powers to the sensor and to provide appropriate voltage levels to feed the temperature measurement module. This module consists of an ultra-low-power microcontroller and a temperature sensor that operates in the range of 1.8-3.6 V. The procedures for designing and testing each module of this system are detailed. Finally, a prototype is built and tested under different operating conditions to confirm its functionality and feasibility. These tests show that the proposed system can operate without batteries, only with the harvested electromagnetic energy dispersed in the environment, even from modulated and pulsating sources, as is the case of commercial routers.

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Grease oil humidity sensor by using metamaterial

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

Detection of Ethanol Concentration in Liquid Using a Double-Layered Resonator Operating at 5G-mm-Wave Frequencies

Detection of Ethanol Concentration in Liquid Using a Double-Layered Resonator Operating at 5G-mm-Wave Frequencies

Double-Layered metamaterial resonator operating at millimetre wave for detection of dengue virus

Energy Harvesting System Using Rectenna Applied to Wireless Powered Remote Temperature Sensing

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