Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Parthenium hysterophorus Leaf Extract and Evaluation of their Antibacterial Properties

Abstract

Parthenium hysterophorus an annual herbaceous weed, is known for its vigorous growth and as a causative agent for contact dermatitis, hay fever and diarrhea in humans and systemic toxicity in livestock. However, in spite of all the problems associated with this weed, it has been reported to have pharmacological activities. The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential of Parthenium hysterophorus leaf extracts for the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles and their antimicrobial properties. Nanoparticles were extracted with the help of aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic solutions of P. hysterophorus leaves. Since a higher yield of nanoparticles was observed when synthesised using aqueous extract therefore these were used in further experiments. Synthesised nanoparticles were characterised using UV-Vis spectroscopy with maximum absorbance peak at 400 nm. SEM and TEM analysis revealed that the particles were spherical and cylindrical in shape with average particle size ranging from 16-45 nm. The chemical group association and elemental composition of nanoparticles was analysed using FTIR and SEM-EDX. Green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles were evaluated for antimicrobial activities against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Zinc nanoparticles exhibited maximum zone of inhibition against Enterobacter aerogenes (36 mm) while least activity was seen against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.

Effective Antimicrobial Activity of Green ZnO Nano Particles of Catharanthus roseus

“…Scanning electron microscopy also confirmed the morphology and size of NPs ( Datta et al, 2017 ). The scanning electron microscope images of ZnO NPs showed size ranging between 62 and 94 nm ( Figures 7a,b ), which clearly demonstrated the presence of spherical shaped ZnO NPs.…”

“…The toxicity of ZnO NPs depends on the solubility, as the solubility increases, toxicity is also reported to be increased. Increased solubility leads to better accumulation of NPs on the bacterial cell surface and thus better antimicrobial activity ( Datta et al, 2017 ).…”

Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extract of Deverra tortuosa and their Cytotoxic Activities

“…www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ Based on the ability of plants to bioaccumulate metal ions and the involvement of active phytoconstituents as bioreductants and stabilizers, the green synthesis of ZnO.NPs could be illustrated 34 . The reduction of Zn nitrate into ZnO.NPs, which informed through the change in color, may be attributed to excitation of surface plasmon vibrations of nanoparticles which results in Surface Plasmon Resonance 35 .…”

“…The stability of the synthesized ZnO.NPs could presumably be accounted for the presence of free amino and carboxylic groups that have interacted with the zinc surface. Furthermore, the proteins present in the medium help in the stabilization of ZnO.NPs by forming a coat, covering the metal nanoparticles and preventing the nanoparticles agglomeration 35,42 (Fig. S3).…”

Acute Toxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Satureja hortensis on Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

“…Biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles of S. hortensis was mainly prepared according to the method presented Arinjoy Datta (Datta et al, 2017). To prepare the plant extract, 100 ml of double-distilled water and 10 g of dried savory plant were put into a beaker and then the beaker was put in an electric stirrer (speed of 300 rpm) at 150°C and a for 1 h. After cooling down, the extract was filtered using a Whatman paper filter (No 40) at room temperature and finally a uniform red solution was obtained.…”