Hábitos de consumo entre catadores de materiais recicláveis: uma abordagem metodológica

Abstract

Resumo: Considerando a profi ssão de catador bastante emblemática para discutirmos a respeito do tema "hábitos de consumo" e suas diversas facetas (ambientais, sociais, políticas, educacionais), procuramos conhecer o que os catadores de uma determinada cooperativa de reciclagem pensam sobre consumo: como e o que consomem, como gastam o que recebem com a reciclagem de materiais, o que consideram essencial e o que consideram desnecessário em termos de consumo. A pesquisa consistiu em ouvir a opinião dos indivíduos em dois momentos: em entrevistas individuais e em uma discussão em grupo. Participaram 34 catadores da cooperativa Coopere-Centro, localizada em São Paulo. Percebemos com esta pesquisa que não há como falar de "catador" de forma homogênea, pois o grupo dos catadores é tão diversifi cado quanto numeroso. A pesquisa mostrou que, diante da oportunidade de terem uma renda mensal garantida pelo trabalho na reciclagem, os catadores adotam comportamentos distintos. Por isso, concluímos que o processo de (re)inclusão social não é instantâneo nem linear: cada indivíduo tem seu tempo e sua maneira de desenvolver habilidades sociais, sendo o consumo ou a forma como administra o dinheiro uma delas. A reciclagem, por fi m, não é a última etapa do processo produtivo. Para os catadores, ela representa, muitas vezes, o início, o ponto de partida para uma série de conquistas, destacando-se a reconstrução da sua dignidade.Palavras-chave: Grupo focal. Técnicas de entrevista. Discurso. Consumo. Catadores de materiais recicláveis.Abstract: All individuals regardless of their place in society are exposed and are infl uenced in many different forms and varying degrees of intensity by consumption patterns. Considering the profession of recyclers quite emblematic for discussing this issue and its various aspects (environmental, social, political, educational), there has been an attempt to know what the recyclers think about consumption: how and what they consume, how they spend their money, what they consider essential and what it is unnecessary for them. The purpose of the research was to hear the opinion of individuals in two phases: during individual interviews and in a group discussion. 34 recyclers from the cooperative Coopere, located in the centre of Sao Paulo participated in the study. The research showed that there is no singular discourse among recyclers, because this is a large and diverse group. The research has shown that given the opportunity of a fi xed monthly income by working in recycling, the workers act very differently from each other. Therefore, it was concluded that the process of (re) inclusion is neither instantaneous, nor linear: each individual has his/her own way of developing social skills, and behaves differently towards consumption patterns as well as in managing money. Recycling is not the last step of the * Graduado em História pela USP. Doutorando em Educação pela USP.

Woman-Warrior, Woman-Man: Recognition of the Work and Its Meanings in the Perception of Female Recycling Workers

“…Furthermore, it was observed that there are few studies directed towards female work in recycling, a fact which does not converge with evidence of the striking presence of women in this scenario. [7][8] Finally, emphasis is placed on the incipient presence of nursing in the production of knowledge regarding recycling workers' health, a presence which is necessary, bearing in mind that nursing has an ethical commitment to the health and quality of life of the community, having as a principle the promotion of the human being as a whole, meeting the precepts of ethics and of bioethics. 9 Within this perspective, this study's objective was to reveal the recognition of the work and its meanings and the perception of female recycling workers of a recycling cooperative.…”