“…Although such a field can be established in a laboratory, practical devices generally involve spatial variations in the field due to the finite size of the corresponding magnetic poles. A few researchers have considered spatially nonuniform magnetic fields, but they either did not completely represent the variation in the imposed field [7][8][9][10][11][12][13], or the descriptions were inaccurate [14][15][16] correlations between the magnetic field attributes and the resulting heat transfer for designing practical applications. Odenbach performed elegant experiments to demonstrate the influence of the thermomagnetic destabilization force in microgravity using an azimuthal magnetic field having a radial gradient (as one produced by a single current-carrying conductor) [17,18].…”