Hepatitis B immunisation induces higher antibody and memory Th2 responses in new-borns than in adults

Ota, Martin O. C.; Vekemans, Johan; Schlegel‐Haueter, Susanna E.; Fielding, Katherine; Whittle, Hilton; Lambert, Paul Henri; McAdam, Keith P. W. J.; Siegrist, Claire Anne; Marchant, Arnaud

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2003.07.020

Cited by 98 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…7,18 Most studies of neonatal T-cell responses against HBV have focused on the immune responses elicited by HBsAg in vaccinated healthy infants. 15,16,19 In the present study, all subjects were born to HBsAg 1 / HBeAg 2 mothers, of which 54.3% had detectable HBV viremia on the day of delivery. All subject neonates remained uninfected postimmunoprophylaxis and responded to vaccination, with anti-HBs Immune responses in newborns of HBV-positive mothers L Koumbi et al 456 titers above 10 IU/l.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…The high incidence of infection and the development of chronic infection in infants born to HBsAg-carrier mothers have been attributed to viral antigen-specific unresponsiveness of both Th1 and Th2 cells. 7,15,16 In neonates born to HBsAg 1 /HBeAg 1 mothers, immune tolerance is further induced by transplacental passage of HBeAg that can result in specific tolerance of T helper cells to both HBeAg and HBcAg because these two antigens are crossreactive. 6,17 However, intrauterine infection and immunoprophylactic failure have also been reported in infants of HBsAg 1 /HBeAg 2 mothers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis B-specific T helper cell responses in uninfected infants born to HBsAg+/HBeAg− mothers

et al. 2010

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B-specific T helper cell responses in uninfected infants born to HBsAg+/HBeAg− mothers

et al. 2010

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“…IFN-␥ has been measured using a variety of techniques, including flow cytometry and determination of IFN-␥ concentrations in the supernatants of ex vivo-stimulated lymphocytes by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (29,50,66), but it was the emergence of the ELISPOT assay that provided a simple measure of CMI, utilizing a low volume of blood, with the potential for large-scale application in the field. The volume of blood required has been identified as a critical factor in measuring CMI in very young children and infants (62).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of Cellular Immune Responses with Protection against Culture-Confirmed Influenza Virus in Young Children

Forrest

Pride

Dunning

et al. 2008

Clin Vaccine Immunol

239

147

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The highly sensitive gamma interferon (IFN-␥) enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assay permits the investigation of the role of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) in the protection of young children against influenza. Preliminary studies of young children confirmed that the IFN-␥ ELISPOT assay was a more sensitive measure of influenza memory immune responses than serum antibody and that among seronegative children aged 6 to <36 months, an intranasal dose of 10 7 fluorescent focus units (FFU) of a live attenuated influenza virus vaccine (CAIV-T) elicited substantial CMI responses. A commercial inactivated influenza virus vaccine elicited CMI responses only in children with some previous exposure to related influenza viruses as determined by detectable antibody levels prevaccination. The role of CMI in actual protection against community-acquired, culture-confirmed clinical influenza by CAIV-T was investigated in a large randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dose-ranging efficacy trial with 2,172 children aged 6 to <36 months in the Philippines and Thailand. The estimated protection curve indicated that the majority of infants and young children with >100 spot-forming cells/10 6 peripheral blood mononuclear cells were protected against clinical influenza, establishing a possible target level of CMI for future influenza vaccine development. The ELISPOT assay for IFN-␥ is a sensitive and reproducible measure of CMI and memory immune responses and contributes to establishing requirements for the future development of vaccines against influenza, especially those used for children.

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“…Similarly, a recent vaccine efficacy study against enterovirus 71 (EV71) conducted in a total of 10,077 Chinese children age 6 months to 3 years showed a remarkable 94.8% efficacy rate (27). Interestingly, newborns immunized with the hepatitis B vaccine can produce higher anti-hepatitis B antibody levels than vaccinated adults (28). Furthermore, the gamma interferon (IFN-␥) CD4…”

Section: Infants Are Able To Develop Robust Immune Responses To Non-hmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting Adult and Infant Immune Responses to HIV Infection and Vaccination

Martinez

Permar

Fouda

2016

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Extensive studies have demonstrated that infant immune responses are distinct from those of adults. Despite these differences, infant immunization can elicit protective immune responses at levels comparable to or, in some cases, higher than adult immune responses to many vaccines. To date, only a few HIV vaccine candidates have been tested in infant populations, and none of them evaluated vaccine efficacy. Recent exciting studies showing that HIV-infected infants can develop broad neutralizing antibody responses and that some HIV vaccine regimens can elicit high levels of potentially protective antibodies in infants provide support for the development and testing of HIV vaccines in pediatric populations. In this review, we discuss the differences in adult and infant immune responses in the setting of HIV infection and vaccination.

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Hepatitis B immunisation induces higher antibody and memory Th2 responses in new-borns than in adults

Cited by 98 publications

References 34 publications

Hepatitis B-specific T helper cell responses in uninfected infants born to HBsAg+/HBeAg− mothers

Hepatitis B-specific T helper cell responses in uninfected infants born to HBsAg+/HBeAg− mothers

Correlation of Cellular Immune Responses with Protection against Culture-Confirmed Influenza Virus in Young Children

Contrasting Adult and Infant Immune Responses to HIV Infection and Vaccination

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