High resolution imaging of the knee on 3‐Tesla MRI: A pictorial review

Griffin, Nyree; Joubert, Ilse; Lomas, David J.; Bearcroft, P.W.P.; Dixon, Adrian K.

doi:10.1002/ca.20632

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This optimal simultaneous imaging of soft and skeletal tissues is not possible with current clinical MRI systems19, in part because the MR signal of the synovial fluid is close to that of the cartilage, thereby making it difficult to distinguish between the two. In contrast, ABI readily delineates the border between cartilage and other tissues due to ABI's high sensitivity to refraction effects at this interface, notably without any use of contrast agents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-sensitive X-ray imaging of synovial joints

Zhong

Connor

et al. 2009

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage

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Objective To test the efficacy of phase-sensitive x-ray imaging for intact synovial joints, whereby refraction effects, along with the attenuation of conventional radiography, can be exploited. Design Intact cadaveric human knee joints were imaged, in the computed tomographic mode, using an analyzer based x-ray system at the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory. A collimated fan beam of 51 keV X-rays was prepared by a silicon [1,1,1 reflection] double-crystal monochromator. The x-ray beam transmitted through the specimen was imaged after diffraction in the vertical plane by means of the analyzer crystal with the analyzer crystal tuned to its half-reflectivity point (6.5 microradians). A two-dimensional filtered backprojection (FBP) algorithm was used for reconstructing transverse slices of images. Results The resulting images demonstrate simultaneous soft-tissue and bone contrast at a level that has not been achieved previously. Identifiable structures include articular cartilage, cruciate ligaments, loose connective tissue, menisci, and chondrocalcinosis. Conclusion Phase-sensitive x-ray imaging using an analyzer-based system renders exceptionally high quality images of soft and hard tissues within synovial joints, with high contrast and resolution, and thus holds promise for the eventual clinical utility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-sensitive X-ray imaging of synovial joints

Zhong

Connor

et al. 2009

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage

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“…High-field (HF) magnetic resonance (MR) systems operating at a field strength ( B 0 ) of 3.0 T have shown promise for musculoskeletal imaging [ 1 – 9 ] and are increasingly utilized in clinical practice [ 6 ]. The approximately twofold increase in signal to noise ratio (SNR) translates into better visualization of anatomical and pathological structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of cartilage-dedicated sequences at ultra-high-field MRI: comparison of imaging performance and diagnostic confidence between 3.0 and 7.0 T with respect to osteoarthritis-induced changes at the knee joint

et al. 2009

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ObjectiveThe objectives of the study were to optimize three cartilage-dedicated sequences for in vivo knee imaging at 7.0 T ultra-high-field (UHF) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to compare imaging performance and diagnostic confidence concerning osteoarthritis (OA)-induced changes at 7.0 and 3.0 T MRI.Materials and methodsOptimized MRI sequences for cartilage imaging at 3.0 T were tailored for 7.0 T: an intermediate-weighted fast spin-echo (IM-w FSE), a fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition (FIESTA) and a T1-weighted 3D high-spatial-resolution volumetric fat-suppressed spoiled gradient-echo (SPGR) sequence. Three healthy subjects and seven patients with mild OA were examined. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), diagnostic confidence in assessing cartilage abnormalities, and image quality were determined. Abnormalities were assessed with the whole organ magnetic resonance imaging score (WORMS). Focal cartilage lesions and bone marrow edema pattern (BMEP) were also quantified.ResultsAt 7.0 T, SNR was increased (p < 0.05) for all sequences. For the IM-w FSE sequence, limitations with the specific absorption rate (SAR) required modifications of the scan parameters yielding an incomplete coverage of the knee joint, extensive artifacts, and a less effective fat saturation. CNR and image quality were increased (p < 0.05) for SPGR and FIESTA and decreased for IM-w FSE. Diagnostic confidence for cartilage lesions was highest (p < 0.05) for FIESTA at 7.0 T. Evaluation of BMEP was decreased (p < 0.05) at 7.0 T due to limited performance of IM-w FSE.ConclusionGradient echo-based pulse sequences like SPGR and FIESTA are well suited for imaging at UHF which may improve early detection of cartilage lesions. However, UHF IM-w FSE sequences are less feasible for clinical use.

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“…The examination of rapidly relaxing tissues is usually only possible through special techniques, such as negative contrast to diagnose menisci injuries (5), or by taking advantage of the magic angle effect, which was previously used for imaging of cartilage zonal differentiation (6), menisci (7), nerves (8), or tendon analysis (2, 9).…”

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confidence: 99%

Regional variations of T₂* in healthy and pathologic achilles tendon in vivo at 7 Tesla: Preliminary results

Juráš

Zbýň

Pressl

et al. 2012

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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The aim of this study was to investigate T₂* in the Achilles tendon (AT), in vivo, using a three-dimensional ultrashort time echo (3D-UTE) sequence, to compare field strength differences (3 and 7 T) and to evaluate a regional variation of T₂* in healthy and pathologic tendon. Ten volunteers with no history of pain in the AT and five patients with chronic Achilles tendinopathy were recruited. 3D-UTE images were measured with the following echo times, at echo time = [0.07, 0.2, 0.33, 0.46, 0.59, 0.74, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, and 9.0 ms]. T₂* values in the AT were calculated by fitting the signal decay to biexponential function. Comparing volunteers between 3 and 7 T, short component T(2s)* was 0.71 ± 0.17 ms and 0.34 ± 0.09 ms (P < 0.05); bulk long component T(2l)* was 12.85 ± 1.87 ms and 10.28 ± 2.28 ms (P < 0.05). In patients at 7 T, bulk T(2s)* was 0.53 ± 0.17 ms (P = 0.045, compared to volunteers), T(2l)* was 11.49 ± 4.28 ms (P = 0.99, compared to volunteers). The results of this study suggest that the regional variability of AT can be quantified by T₂* in in vivo conditions. Advanced quantitative imaging of the human AT using a 3D-UTE sequence may provide additional information to standard clinical imaging. Finally, as the preliminary patient data suggest, T(2s)* may be a promising marker for the diagnosis of pathological changes in the AT.

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High resolution imaging of the knee on 3‐Tesla MRI: A pictorial review

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

Phase-sensitive X-ray imaging of synovial joints

Phase-sensitive X-ray imaging of synovial joints

Assessment of cartilage-dedicated sequences at ultra-high-field MRI: comparison of imaging performance and diagnostic confidence between 3.0 and 7.0 T with respect to osteoarthritis-induced changes at the knee joint

Regional variations of T₂* in healthy and pathologic achilles tendon in vivo at 7 Tesla: Preliminary results

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High resolution imaging of the knee on 3‐Tesla MRI: A pictorial review

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

Phase-sensitive X-ray imaging of synovial joints

Phase-sensitive X-ray imaging of synovial joints

Assessment of cartilage-dedicated sequences at ultra-high-field MRI: comparison of imaging performance and diagnostic confidence between 3.0 and 7.0 T with respect to osteoarthritis-induced changes at the knee joint

Regional variations of T2* in healthy and pathologic achilles tendon in vivo at 7 Tesla: Preliminary results

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Regional variations of T₂* in healthy and pathologic achilles tendon in vivo at 7 Tesla: Preliminary results