History of chloroplast genomics

Sugiura, Masahiro

doi:10.1007/1-4020-3324-9_93

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Chloroplast development depends on the coordination of nuclear and plastidic gene expression. Most chloroplast proteins are encoded by the nuclear genome, while the plastid genome only encodes a few proteins (Sugiura, 2003). The status of the chloroplast influences the transcription of nuclear genes through retrograde signaling.…”

Section: Wp1 Encodes Osvalrs2 and Is Required For Plastidic Protein Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

WHITE PANICLE1, a Val-tRNA Synthetase Regulating Chloroplast Ribosome Biogenesis in Rice, Is Essential for Early Chloroplast Development

Wang

Zheng

et al. 2016

Plant Physiol.

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Chloroplasts and mitochondria contain their own genomes and transcriptional and translational systems. Establishing these genetic systems is essential for plant growth and development. Here we characterized a mutant form of a Val-tRNA synthetase (OsValRS2) from Oryza sativa that is targeted to both chloroplasts and mitochondria. A single base change in OsValRS2 caused virescent to albino phenotypes in seedlings and white panicles at heading. We therefore named this mutant white panicle 1 (wp1). Chlorophyll autofluorescence observations and transmission electron microscopy analyses indicated that wp1 mutants are defective in early chloroplast development. RNA-seq analysis revealed that expression of nuclear-encoded photosynthetic genes is significantly repressed, while expression of many chloroplast-encoded genes also changed significantly in wp1 mutants. Western-blot analyses of chloroplast-encoded proteins showed that chloroplast protein levels were reduced in wp1 mutants, although mRNA levels of some genes were higher in wp1 than in wild type. We found that wp1 was impaired in chloroplast ribosome biogenesis. Taken together, our results show that OsValRS2 plays an essential role in chloroplast development and regulating chloroplast ribosome biogenesis.

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Section: Wp1 Encodes Osvalrs2 and Is Required For Plastidic Protein Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

WHITE PANICLE1, a Val-tRNA Synthetase Regulating Chloroplast Ribosome Biogenesis in Rice, Is Essential for Early Chloroplast Development

Wang

Zheng

et al. 2016

Plant Physiol.

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“…In the 1980s, efforts aimed towards the complete sequencing of plastid genomes were made in several plant species, including liverwort, tobacco and rice (Sugiura, 2003). This scientific venture was notably well ahead of the initiation of Arabidopsis nuclear genome sequencing project.…”

Section: The Plastid Genomementioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroplast Biogenesis: Control of Plastid Development, Protein Import, Division and Inheritance

Sakamoto

Miyagishima

Jarvis

2008

The Arabidopsis Book

143

129

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The chloroplast is a multi-copy cellular organelle that not only performs photosynthesis but also synthesizes amino acids, lipids and phytohormones. The plastid also responds to environmental stimuli such as gravitropism. Biogenesis of chloroplasts is initiated from proplastids in shoot meristems, and involves a series of important events. In the last decade, considerable progress has been made towards understanding various aspects of chloroplast biogenesis at the molecular level, via studies in model systems such as Arabidopsis. This review focuses on two important aspects of chloroplast biogenesis, synthesis/assembly and division/transmission. Chloroplasts originated through endosymbiosis from an ancestor of extant cyanobacteria, and thus contain their own genomes. DNA in chloroplasts is organized into complexes with proteins, and these are called nucleoids. The synthesis of chloroplast proteins is regulated at various steps. However, a majority of proteins are synthesized in the cytosol, and their proper import into chloroplast compartments is a prerequisite for chloroplast development. Fundamental aspects of plastid gene expression/regulation and chloroplast protein transport are described, together with recent proteome analyses of the organelle. Chloroplasts are not de novo synthesized, but instead are propagated from pre-existing plastids. In addition, plastids are transmitted from generation to generation with a unique mode of inheritance. Our current knowledge on the division machinery and the inheritance of plastids is described.

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“…The task is arguably overambitious. Fortunately there are a number of excellent reviews that address many of the individual aspects and the reader is referred to them (Sugiura, 1992(Sugiura, , 2003McFadden, 1999;Pyke, 1999;Staehelin and Newcomb, 2000;Flügge, 2001;Mache and Lerbs-Mache, 2001;Soll, 2002;Leister, 2003;Osteryoung and Nunnari, 2003;Wakasugi et al, 2001;Timmis et al, 2004;Dyall et al, 2004;Jarvis and Robinson, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastids unleashed: their development and their integration in plant development

López‐Juez

Pyke²

2005

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

301

221

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History of chloroplast genomics

Cited by 21 publications

References 47 publications

WHITE PANICLE1, a Val-tRNA Synthetase Regulating Chloroplast Ribosome Biogenesis in Rice, Is Essential for Early Chloroplast Development

WHITE PANICLE1, a Val-tRNA Synthetase Regulating Chloroplast Ribosome Biogenesis in Rice, Is Essential for Early Chloroplast Development

Chloroplast Biogenesis: Control of Plastid Development, Protein Import, Division and Inheritance

Plastids unleashed: their development and their integration in plant development

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