Hurricane Hugo Wind Damage to Southeastern U.S. Coastal Forest Tree Species

Characteristics of Typhoon Damage to Major Tree Species in a Lucidophyllous Forest: A Comparison of Tree Species Responses to Several Typhoons at the Aya Long-term Ecological Research Site.

“…2004 Naka, 1982;Yamamoto, 1992Brokaw and Grear, 19911987Yamamoto and Manabe, 1997Everham III and Brokaw, 1996 Foster, 1988;Boucher et al, 1990;Gresham et al, 1991Touliatos and Roth, 19711992Zimmerman et al, 1994 Betura papyrifera Quercus allba Tsuga canadensis Foster, 1988Walker 1991Walker et al, 1992Zimmerman et al, 1994;Bellingham et al, 19951 Franklin, 1994 Top, middle, and bottom bars indicate percent damage in the whole study area Whole , on the upper slope Upper , and on the lower slope Lower , respectively. Asterisks indicate significant differences compared to the damage ratio of all species combined Fisher s exact probability test, p 0.05 .…”

Proceedings of the Seventh Biennial Southern Silvicultural Research Conference

“…The most severely damaged tall oaks experienced less than 30% mortality while the more resistant trees had less than 10% mortality (Gresham et al 1991). Initial damage due to salt stress was noted in November of 1989.…”

“…reported that the largest and most dominant individuals suffered the most damage due to Hurricane Hugo. Gresham, Williams, and Lipscomb (1991) also reported that bald cypress and swamp tupelo suffered less than 5 R damage whereas loblolly pine suffered 47 96 losses on Hobcaw Experimental Forest from Hurricane Hugo. Hooper and McAdie (in prep.…”

“…Short-term damage is seen as saltburn (C&ham 1981) or wind damage (Gresham et al 1991) and the degree of damage is a function of proximity to the hurricane's eye and species. Forest recovery from short-term damage is rapid because pre-existing regeneration will be released or residual stems will sprout.…”

“…Hurricane disturbance can result from both wind and flooding effects. High winds can defoliate, break, or topple trees, with the severity of damage related to storm intensity, forest structure, species, and soil conditions (Weaver 1989, Gresham et al 1991. Little attention has been given to storm surge effects since heavy rains accompanying the hurricane usually saturate soils to protect them from saltwater intrusion (Gardner et al 1991.…”