Hypotoxic and Rapidly Metabolic PEG-PCL-C3-ICG Nanoparticles for Fluorescence-Guided Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy against OSCC

Abstract

The development of agents for noninvasive photothermal/photodynamic therapies (PTT/PDT) against cancer remains challenging because most PTT agents cause side effects on normal tissues due to their high cytotoxicity and slow metabolism rate. We successfully synthesized an organic compound (C3), encapsulated in PEG-PCL with indocyanine green (ICG), to form hybrid nanoparticles (PEG-PCL-C3-ICG NPs) for use as a new PPT/PDT agent to treat cancer with a single irradiation. Compared with conventional PPT agents, such as Au nanorods, C3 showed better photothermal conversion stability, lower cytotoxicity and a faster metabolic rate, ensuring promising PTT efficacy in eliminating tumors during in vivo application, while ICG was used as a PDT agent. With 808 nm laser irradiation at tumor sites, the PEG-PCL-C3-ICG NPs were able to simultaneously produce hyperthermia through C3 and produce reactive oxygen species as well as a fluorescence-guided effect through ICG to kill oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. The combination of these hypotoxic and metabolic hybrid nanoparticles with radiation therapy has potential for the future treatment of OSCC.

Tumor‐Targeting W18O49 Nanoparticles for Dual‐Modality Imaging and Guided Heat‐Shock‐Response‐Inhibited Photothermal Therapy in Gastric Cancer

“…[5][6][7] Different types of nanoparticles, including CuS nanoparticles, organic nanoparticles, graphene and gold nanoparticles, were synthesized as PTT agents to cure tumor. [8][9][10][11][12] Nevertheless, the PTT therapeutic effect suffered from several concerns including limited tumor accumulation, inadequate photothermal conversion efficiency, and cancer cell thermoresistance, thus failing to kill cancer cells completely and leading to tumor recurrence. [13][14][15] Additionally, lack of effective real-time technology to monitor the therapeutic effect made it difficult for further PTT in clinic.…”

hsa_circRNA_100533 regulates GNAS by sponging hsa_miR_933 to prevent oral squamous cell carcinoma

“…OSCC has a high degree of malignancy and is prone to lymph node metastasis, both of which results in poor prognosis and low survival rate of patients . Although surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are all involved for OSCC therapy, survival rate, and life quality of patients are still unsatisfied . The development of OSCC is a complex biological process involving multiple genetic and epigenetic changes.…”

“…18 Although surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are all involved for OSCC therapy, survival rate, and life quality of patients are still unsatisfied. 19 The development of OSCC is a complex biological process involving multiple genetic and epigenetic changes. Therefore, further research works on mechanisms of OSCC are urgently needed to be understood.…”

“…Meanwhile, OSCC is always characterized by invasive growth, frequent regional metastases of lymph nodes, high recurrence, and poor prognosis, accounting for the low living quality of patients . Surgical resection, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and biologic targeted therapy are the present treatments targeting OSCC . Although considerable advances of treatments have been made, the 5‐year survival rate for patients with OSCC are still below 50% .…”

Nitroxide radical-modified CuS nanoparticles for CT/MRI imaging-guided NIR-II laser responsive photothermal cancer therapy

“…Based on this, many PTT agents based on noblemetals, semiconductors, carbon, and polymers have been developed. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] However, most of these PTT agents display short wavelength absorbance, thus limiting tissue penetration depths and maximum permissible exposure (MPE). [27][28][29] NIR-I ranging from 650 nm to 950 nm and NIR-II ranging from 1000 nm to 1350 nm are two NIR biological windows.…”