<i>In vitro</i> chromosome doubling of <i>Miscanthus sinensis</i>

Petersen, Karen Koefoed; Hagberg, P.; Kristiansen, Kell

doi:10.1046/j.1439-0523.2002.738314.x

Cited by 51 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For switchgrass, treatment duration, rather than chemical concentration, is the major factor that must be optimized in order to achieve the highest efficiency of chromosome doubling. Similar results have been reported in other plant species, such as Miscanthus [19] [24] and grass pea [29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The generation of autooctoploid plant lines through chromosome doubling has been used to create novel germplasms in many breeding programs [19][20][21][22][23][24][25]41]. The development of autopolyploid plants has also been used to overcome the cross incompatibility barrier between different ploidy levels [42][43][44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Autooctoploid lowland ecotypes could be generated through chromosome doubling, and would then be cross-compatible with the natural octoploid upland switchgrass ecotypes. Presently, there have been no reports about generating autooctoploid switchgrass lines through chromosome doubling, though such kind of breeding efforts have been frequently used in many other plant species [19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of Autopolyploid Lowland Switchgrass Lines Through In Vitro Chromosome Doubling

et al. 2013

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Switchgrass is considered one of the most promising energy crops. However, breeding of elite switchgrass cultivars is required to meet the challenges of large scale and sustainable biomass production. As a native perennial adapted to North America, switchgrass has lowland and upland ecotypes, where most lowland ecotypes are tetraploid (2n=4x=36), and most upland ecotypes are predominantly octoploid (2n=8x=72). Hybridization between lowland and upland switchgrass plants could identify new cultivars with heterosis. However, crossing between tetraploid and octoploid switchgrass is rare in nature. Therefore, in order to break down the cross incompatibility barrier between tetraploid lowland and octoploid upland switchgrass lines, we developed autooctoploid switchgrass lines from the lowland tetraploid cv. Alamo. In this study, colchicine was used in liquid and solid mediums to chemically-induce chromosome doubling in embryogenic calli derived from cv. Alamo. Thirteen autooctoploid switchgrass lines were regenerated from seedlings and identified using flow cytometry. The autooctoploid switchgrass plants exhibit increased stomata aperture and stem size in comparison with the tetraploid cv.Alamo. The most autooctoploid plants were regenerated from switchgrass calli that were treated 2 with 0.04% colchicine in liquid medium for 13 days. One autooctoploid switchgrass line, VT8-1, was successfully crossed to the octoploid upland cv. Blackwell. The autooctoploid and the derived inter-ecotype hybrids were confirmed by chromosome in-situ hybridization and molecular marker analysis. Therefore, the results of this study show that an autooctoploid, generated by chemically-induced chromosome doubling of lowland cv. Alamo, is cross compatible with upland octoploid switchgrass cultivars. The outcome of this study may have significant applications in switchgrass hybrid breeding.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of Autopolyploid Lowland Switchgrass Lines Through In Vitro Chromosome Doubling

et al. 2013

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“…Oryzalin at a concentration of 3 lM resulted in one mixoploid plant of H. niger (Table 1). Although colchicine was shown to be effective at inducing polyploidy in plants such as Miscanthus (Petersen et al 2002;Petersen et al 2003), Zizyphus (Gu et al 2005), Phlox (Zhang et al 2008), Platanus (Liu et al 2007), Alstroemeria (Lu and Bridgen 1997), coco yam (Tambong et al 1998) and Zantedeschia (Cohen and Yao 1996), it was ineffective in inducing polyploidisation in Helleborus when used at a concentration of 100 lM. Oryzalin and trifluralin are therefore preferable for inducing polyploidy in Helleborus as has been identified in studies on other plant species.…”

Section: Effect Of Antimitotic Agents On Chromosome Doublingmentioning

confidence: 96%

In vitro polyploidisation of Helleborus species

Dhooghe

Grunewald

Leus³

et al. 2008

Euphytica

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Helleborus species are members of the family of the Ranunculaceae. These popular perennials are all diploids (2n = 2x = 32). This study investigates polyploidy induction by different antimitotic agents. Colchicine, oryzalin and trifluralin were tested in vitro on shoots of Helleborus niger, H. orientalis and H. 9 nigercors. Furthermore the effect of the antimitotic agents on the viability and the multiplication rate of cultured plantlets were analyzed. Flow cytometry demonstrated that polyploidisation was genotype dependent: using H. niger, tetraploids were obtained using either oryzalin (3 lM) or trifluralin (3 or 10 lM), whereas for H. 9 nigercors only trifluralin (3 or 10 lM) induced polyploidisation. For H. orientalis neither treatment was effective to produce tetraploids or mixoploids. For these three species, colchicine (100 lM) was ineffective. The polyploidisation events in H. niger and H. 9 nigercors were confirmed by chromosome counts of mounted nuclei derived from root tips (2n = 4x = 64).

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“…Furthermore, M. Â giganteus sterility prevents development of new varieties of M. Â giganteus [25]. Improving M. Â giganteus has been attempted by restoring fertility through polyploidization [26][27][28]. A genetic transformation system has been successfully established in Miscanthus [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Miscanthus

Yamada

2014

Handbook of Plant Breeding

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Miscanthus is a perennial rhizomatous warm-season C 4 grass species and is native throughout Eastern Asia and Pacific islands, ranging from tropical Polynesia to southern Siberia. Conventionally, the genus showed some attractive features for domestic uses such as livestock feed, as green manure, as well as roof materials for traditional Asian houses. In recent years, the genus has received considerable attention as a feedstock source of biorefineries such as biofuel production for sustainable renewable energy in cold and temperate environments. Miscanthus Â giganteus, which is a triploid hybrid between M. sinensis and M. sacchariflorus, exhibits promise as a biomass crop because it has high biomass productivity under cold and temperate environments, low fertilizer requirements, and high ability of carbon stock in soil. However, presently only one genotype of M. Â giganteus is widely cultivated. This came from a germplasm introduced to Europe from Japan in 1935, resulting to an increased risk of widespread plant mortality due to diseases or pests. Therefore, the collection of genetic resources of Miscanthus spp. and genetic improvement of Miscanthus spp. through hybridization and selection methods is essential for future increase in feedstock production. Molecular breeding will offer good opportunities, especially for value-added traits such as enhanced biomass, abiotic stress tolerance, and saccharification efficiency. This chapter describes the genetics and breeding of Miscanthus spp., their characteristics and their taxonomy, and progress in genetic improvement of Miscanthus spp. through conventional and molecular breeding including current research activities of the author's group.

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In vitro chromosome doubling of Miscanthus sinensis

Cited by 51 publications

References 24 publications

Production of Autopolyploid Lowland Switchgrass Lines Through In Vitro Chromosome Doubling

Production of Autopolyploid Lowland Switchgrass Lines Through In Vitro Chromosome Doubling

In vitro polyploidisation of Helleborus species

Miscanthus

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