In vitro wound healing properties, antioxidant activities, HPLC–ESI–MS/MS profile and phytoconstituents of the stem aqueous methanolic extract of Dracaena reflexa Lam

Abstract

Column chromatography of the stem aqueous methanolic extract of Dracaena reflexa Lam. (DRSE) led to the isolation of five flavonoids, one phenolic glycoside, one triterpenoid and two steroidal saponins. Furthermore, 44 compounds were tentatively identified in the phytoconstituent profile of DRSE using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The antioxidant activity of DRSE was evaluated. In a DPPH radical scavenging assay, DRSE exhibited an IC 50 value of 311.6 ± 10.10 μg/ml compared with the IC 50 value of the standard Trolox (24.42 ± 0.87 μg/ml). The antioxidant activities of DRSE using ABTS assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay were 326.63 μM Trolox equivalents/mg extract and 208.67 μM Trolox equivalents/mg extract, respectively.The wound-healing activity of DRSE was studied by the scratch assay using Human Skin Fibroblast cells. After 24 h DRSE (at 10 and 20 μg/ml) decreased the wound width to 0.55 ± 0.37 and 0.47 ± 0.55 mm, respectively, compared with the wound width in the control cells (0.77 ± 0.17 mm). This result suggested that DRSE improved the wound-healing process by inducing the migration of fibroblasts.Moreover, a docking study was performed to evaluate the binding affinity of the identified phytoconstituents toward GSK-3β relative to the co-crystalized inhibitor and curcumin with the possible involvement of this pathway in the wound-healing activity of the extract.

Development of Lepidium sativum Extracts/PVA Electrospun Nanofibers as Wound Healing Dressing

“…At the end of the incubation time, the resulting reduction in DPPH color intensity was measured at 540 nm. 30 Data are represented as means ± standard deviation (SD) according to the following equation where A 0 is the absorbance of the blank and A 1 is the absorbance of the extract.…”

“…The resulting blue color at the end of the incubation time was measured at 593 nm using the microplate reader FluoStar Omega. 30 The data were represented as means ± SD. The increase in absorbance of the reaction medium indicates the increase in iron reduction.…”

“…The decrease in ABTS color intensity at the end of the incubation time was measured at 734 nm. 30 The data are stated as means ± SD according to the following equation: where ‘avg’ is average. The results of ABTS •+ radical assays were presented as μM TE/mg sample [Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC)] using Trolox as a standard reference.…”

“…sativum was carried out by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay according to the method of Boly et al Briefly, a freshly prepared DPPH reagent (0.1% in methanol, 100 μL) was added to each sample (100 μL) in a 96-well plate ( n = 3), and the reaction was incubated at room temperature for 30 min in the dark. At the end of the incubation time, the resulting reduction in DPPH color intensity was measured at 540 nm . Data are represented as means ± standard deviation (SD) according to the following equation where A 0 is the absorbance of the blank and A 1 is the absorbance of the extract.…”

“…A volume of 190 μL of the TPTZ reagent was mixed with 10 μL of the sample in a 96-well plate ( n = 3); the reaction was incubated (30 min) at room temperature in the dark. The resulting blue color at the end of the incubation time was measured at 593 nm using the microplate reader FluoStar Omega . The data were represented as means ± SD.…”