Impact of tillage on the incidence ofFusarium spp. in soil

Steinkellner, Siegrid; Langer, Ingrid

doi:10.1007/s11104-005-2574-z

Cited by 61 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Soil samples were taken to quantify the fungal inoculum density in the potting mix, both at the beginning and end of the experiment according to Steinkellner and Langer (2004). Air dried soil subsamples of 50 g each were mixed thoroughly with 100 ml of water agar (0.15 %) and further diluted by taking 1 ml of suspension in a 9 ml of water agar (0.15 %).…”

Section: Soil Preparation and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Fusarium wilt-inducing chlamydospores, in vitro behaviour in root exudates and physiology of tomato in biochar and compost amended soil

et al. 2016

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Background and aims Biochars are recognised for their ability to improve soil functions and to stimulate plant defense mechanisms. We evaluated the response of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici chlamydospores to tomato plants grown in biochar and compost amended soil to get a deeper insight into the tomato-Fusarium pathosystem. Methods Wood chips and green waste biochar in combination with compost ('WCB comp and GWB comp ' respectively) were studied for their ability to suppress the Fusarium chlamydospores infectivity. Plant growth parameters and in vitro effects on chlamydospores were determined. Results The 'GWB comp ' soil amendment stimulated plants growth and gaseous exchange rates and had a suppressive effect on the chlamydospore infectivity in comparison with the 'WCB comp ' treatment and the treatment containing compost only. The germination rate of chlamydospores was unaffected by the source of root exudates, whereas the mycelial growth was significantly higher in root exudates from chlamydospore inoculated plants grown in 'WCB comp ' amended soil unlike to 'GWB comp ' amended soil. Conclusion Overall, our findings indicate that both biochars had a variable effect on chlamydospores. We conclude that soil amendment with garden waste biochar and compost exhibit a great potential in suppressing Fusarium chlamydospore infectivity and alleviating pathogen-induced physiological stress in tomato plants.

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Section: Soil Preparation and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Fusarium wilt-inducing chlamydospores, in vitro behaviour in root exudates and physiology of tomato in biochar and compost amended soil

et al. 2016

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“…It is important to identify the fusaria present to the species level, since they have different life cycles, host ranges, mycotoxin profiles, and climate preferences, and since they respond differently to control methods (14,27). A common method for detect-ing and quantifying Fusarium in field samples is real-time PCR using species-specific primers (28).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Multiplex real-time PCR has been used for the simultaneous detection of multiple Fusarium species (29,30), but detection is still limited to a few species. Description of Fusarium diversity without targeting specific species is traditionally performed by isolation on selective media, and identification is based on morphological and/or molecular characteristics, but this is a time-consuming procedure (27,31).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genus-Specific Primers for Study of Fusarium Communities in Field Samples

Karlsson

Edel-Hermann

Gautheron

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Fusarium is a large and diverse genus of fungi of great agricultural and economic importance, containing many plant pathogens and mycotoxin producers. To date, high-throughput sequencing of Fusarium communities has been limited by the lack of genusspecific primers targeting regions with high discriminatory power at the species level. In the present study, we evaluated two Fusarium-specific primer pairs targeting translation elongation factor 1 (TEF1). We also present the new primer pair Fa؉7/Ra؉6. Mock Fusarium communities reflecting phylogenetic diversity were used to evaluate the accuracy of the primers in reflecting the relative abundance of the species. TEF1 amplicons were subjected to 454 high-throughput sequencing to characterize Fusarium communities. Field samples from soil and wheat kernels were included to test the method on more-complex material. For kernel samples, a single PCR was sufficient, while for soil samples, nested PCR was necessary. The newly developed primer pairs Fa؉7/Ra؉6 and Fa/Ra accurately reflected Fusarium species composition in mock DNA communities. In field samples, 47 Fusarium operational taxonomic units were identified, with the highest Fusarium diversity in soil. The Fusarium community in soil was dominated by members of the Fusarium incarnatum-Fusarium equiseti species complex, contradicting findings in previous studies. The method was successfully applied to analyze Fusarium communities in soil and plant material and can facilitate further studies of Fusarium ecology.

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“…This effect can be attributed to inoculum survival and the concentration of Fusarium sp. in the soil [66,67]. However, not significant effect of tilling has been reported when wheat was grown after soybeans [60].…”

Section: Preharvest Mitigation Measures and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxins in Wheat and Mitigation Measures

Cheli¹,

Pinotti²,

Novacco³

et al. 2017

Wheat Improvement, Management and Utilization

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Latest estimates for world cereal production in 2015 and EU-28 production in 2014 are approximately 2540 and 323 mil tons, respectively. The FAO estimated that the global wheat consumption is about 66 kg/per capita. Among the most important risks associated with wheat consumption are mycotoxins. It has been estimated that up to 25% of the world's crops grown for food and feed may be contaminated with mycotoxins. Despite efforts in controlling fungal growth, mycotoxin co-contamination represents an unavoidable risk, occurring pre-and postharvest and resulting in reduced nutritional value and possible risks for human and animal health. In addition to health risks, mycotoxins have a detrimental effect on the quality and the processing performance of wheat. Mitigation measures to manage the challenge of mycotoxins in wheat include strategies at pre-and postharvest. Preharvest events are predominantly dictated by environmental factors and good agronomic/cultural practices, whereas storage and processing are the major areas where contamination can be prevented at postharvest. Integrating as many management options as possible may minimize the risk of mycotoxin contamination in wheat and wheat products.

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Impact of tillage on the incidence ofFusarium spp. in soil

Cited by 61 publications

References 21 publications

Potential of Fusarium wilt-inducing chlamydospores, in vitro behaviour in root exudates and physiology of tomato in biochar and compost amended soil

Potential of Fusarium wilt-inducing chlamydospores, in vitro behaviour in root exudates and physiology of tomato in biochar and compost amended soil

Genus-Specific Primers for Study of Fusarium Communities in Field Samples

Mycotoxins in Wheat and Mitigation Measures

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