“…Various genotypic molecular methods, especially nucleic acid–amplification technologies, arose in recent years(García de Viedma, 2003 ; Cuevas-Córdoba and Zenteno-Cuevas, 2010 ; Abebe et al, 2011 ), which included conventional sequencing (Martin et al, 2006 ), pyrosequencing (Jureen et al, 2006 ), high-resolution thermal melt analysis (Hoek et al, 2008 ; Ramirez et al, 2010 ), denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) (McCammon et al, 2005 ), solid-phase hybridization-line probe assays, INNO-LiPA Rif (Quezada et al, 2007 ). TB assay (Innogenetics, Belgium), GenoType MTBDR Plus assay (HainLifescience, Nehren, Germany) (Brossier et al, 2009 ), molecular beacon-based automated platform Xpert MTB/RIF (Boehme et al, 2010 ), and digital PCR (Pholwat et al, 2013 ).…”