In vivo hepatoprotective potential of extracts obtained from floral spikes of Prunella vulgaris L

Abstract

Background Prunella vulgaris, commonly known as self-heal, has been extensively used in the traditional system of medicines. The plant has been found to contain a number of bioactive molecules including those having radical scavenging property which indicates its potential for the treatment of those diseases which are induced by free radical damage like drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Objective The current study was undertaken to investigate the flavonoid and total phenolic content and evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of various extracts obtained from floral spikes of P. vulgaris . Material and methods Flavonoid and otal phenolic contents were obtained from the standard curves of Gallic acid as per the reported methods. The extent of hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamol (500 mg/kg b.w, p.o daily for 14 days), hepatoprotective potential of extracts (200 mg/kg b.w/day, orally) and standard drug silymarin (50 mg/kg b.w/day, orally) were evaluated by analyzing various biochemical parameters like Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase, Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase, Alkaline Phosphatase, Total Proteins, Total and Direct Bilirubin and detailed histopathology of rat livers. Results Methanolic extract showed higher quantity of flavonoids and total phenolic content followed by ethanolic, hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts. Treatment of rats with extracts showed a highly significant reduction in the enzyme activities of Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase, Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase, Alkaline Phosphatase, and serum levels of Total, Direct Bilirubin (P < 0.01) and highly significant elevation in Total Proteins (P < 0.01) when compared with the toxic control group. This was further confirmed by histopathological evaluation, where almost normal hepatic architecture or very less hepatic damage was observed in groups treated with extracts and silymarin compared to paracetamol treated group. Results from biochemical and histopathological evaluation indicated that among the extracts methanolic extract was most effective. Conclusion From the results, it can be concluded that the extracts obtained from floral spikes of P. vulgaris possess highly significant hepatoprotective activity which could be attributed to its radical scavenging potential and hepatic regeneration. This is further authenticated by the presence of phenolic and flavonoids which are known to possess radical scavenging properties.

Evaluation of Diabetes Effects of Selenium Nanoparticles Synthesized from a Mixture of Luteolin and Diosmin on Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetes in Mice

“…Figure 2 A–C shows the spectra of SeNPs, LU/DIO mixture, and GA/LU/DIO-SeNPs, respectively. LU/DIO spectra indicated the presence of a band around 3300 cm −1 associated with the stretching vibration of the hydroxyl group (OH), mainly in phenolic groups [ 20 ]. While a peak near 1407 cm –1 and the bands around 798 cm –1 are due to aromatic groups (C-C stretch).…”

“…AST, ALT, and ALP which is considered an indication of the functional integrity loss and cellular leakage of the liver cell membrane [ 20 ]. Moreover, the changes in the liver functions in diabetic mice treated with LU/DIO, SeNPs, GA/LU/DIO-SeNPs, and Mtf for 6 weeks resulted in a considerable reduction in ALT, AST, and ALP activities in contrast to the diabetic groups, results are illustrated in Table 6 .…”

Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Quality Control of Xiasangju: A Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula

“…XSJ is rich in bioactive flavonoids and polyphenols, which restore the balance of the liver’s metabolic disorder state. Flavonoids and total phenolic extracts obtained from floral spikes of PV have hepatoprotective potential and free radical scavenging in vivo ( Ahmad et al, 2020 ). 80% methanol extract of PV reduced the contents of inflammatory factors and liver function markers, and improved metabolic disorder of liver injury ( Deng et al, 2021 ).…”

Identification of antinutritional, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity of plants that cause livestock poisoning in Bojonegoro Regency, Indonesia

“…ethanolic extracts had greater DPPH radical scavenging activity (RSA) than hydroalcoholic and water extracts. These results could be due to ethanol solvent's ability to attract more total phenolic and flavonoid content, which has also been evaluated in vivo and found to have better hepatoprotective activity than hydroalcoholic extracts from the same plant [34].…”