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Introduction. The global pandemic crisis of 2019-2021 and the war of 2022 have exacerbated problems in the economy. In the extreme conditions of martial law, the domestic financial system demonstrated its institutional capacity, prevented a panic among creditors and kept the country's money circulation stable. In addition, millions of forced migrants were provided with the opportunity to pay in Europe with payment cards issued by Ukrainian banks in hryvnia. Problem Statement. Current risks of the global financial crisis and the role of state-owned banks in supporting the economic growth in the conditions of martial law and the post-war recovery of Ukraine's economy. Purpose. The goal is to provide proposals for neutralizing negative economic phenomena in the country and to justify changes to the development strategy of banks with the participation of the state in the capital. Methods. The research is based on the identification of patterns of the financial sector development as a whole and the banking system in particular; systemic approach - when clarifying interrelationships between its institutions; statistical comparisons and groupings, analysis and synthesis - in the process of researching monetary environment, forming and placing the resource potential of banks. Results. The main problems in the world economy and how they affect the current situation in Ukraine are considered. To a large extent, the capacity of the financial system has been achieved thanks to the market behavior of banks with the participation of the state in the capital (hereinafter - BDK), which occupy dominant positions on the market. The question of their role and place in the post-war reconstruction economy is of importance. Conclusions. It is expedient to expand the BDK network to the municipal level. In order to increase the liquidity of banks, the creation of a state company to work with negatively classified assets that were damaged as a result of military operations is justified. Changes are proposed in a number of provisions of the BDK development strategy until 2025. In order to generate a long-term credit resource, there is a need to establish a national bank for reconstruction and development through the restructuring of one of the BDKs, as well as the Company for the management of negatively classified assets to clean up the balance sheets of the BDK. The government’s investment activity is expected to increase in order to develop priority programs in the defense, energy and infrastructure sectors.
Introduction. The global pandemic crisis of 2019-2021 and the war of 2022 have exacerbated problems in the economy. In the extreme conditions of martial law, the domestic financial system demonstrated its institutional capacity, prevented a panic among creditors and kept the country's money circulation stable. In addition, millions of forced migrants were provided with the opportunity to pay in Europe with payment cards issued by Ukrainian banks in hryvnia. Problem Statement. Current risks of the global financial crisis and the role of state-owned banks in supporting the economic growth in the conditions of martial law and the post-war recovery of Ukraine's economy. Purpose. The goal is to provide proposals for neutralizing negative economic phenomena in the country and to justify changes to the development strategy of banks with the participation of the state in the capital. Methods. The research is based on the identification of patterns of the financial sector development as a whole and the banking system in particular; systemic approach - when clarifying interrelationships between its institutions; statistical comparisons and groupings, analysis and synthesis - in the process of researching monetary environment, forming and placing the resource potential of banks. Results. The main problems in the world economy and how they affect the current situation in Ukraine are considered. To a large extent, the capacity of the financial system has been achieved thanks to the market behavior of banks with the participation of the state in the capital (hereinafter - BDK), which occupy dominant positions on the market. The question of their role and place in the post-war reconstruction economy is of importance. Conclusions. It is expedient to expand the BDK network to the municipal level. In order to increase the liquidity of banks, the creation of a state company to work with negatively classified assets that were damaged as a result of military operations is justified. Changes are proposed in a number of provisions of the BDK development strategy until 2025. In order to generate a long-term credit resource, there is a need to establish a national bank for reconstruction and development through the restructuring of one of the BDKs, as well as the Company for the management of negatively classified assets to clean up the balance sheets of the BDK. The government’s investment activity is expected to increase in order to develop priority programs in the defense, energy and infrastructure sectors.
Introduction. During 2022-2023, the monetary and credit system of Ukraine faced an unprecedentedly large number and a fundamentally new quality of problems associated with the transition of a permanent low-intensity armed conflict into full-scale military operations, accompanied by various negative consequences that directly affect the monetary sphere. Problem Statement. Establishing the prerequisites and substantiating prospects for the implementation of a complex of regulatory measures of the state in the monetary sphere, aimed at overcoming the main problems of the monetary and credit system of Ukraine in the conditions of war. Purpose.To analyze the key challenges and destabilizing factors that directly and negatively affect the performance of the monetary and credit system of Ukraine of its key functions and to justify the most urgent state measures aimed at overcoming them. Methods. General scientific and special methods are used: analysis, synthesis, grouping, description, comparison, theoretical generalization and abstract-logical. Results. The key problems faced by the monetary and credit system of Ukraine during the war are analyzed: new challenges faced by the banking system, negative dynamics of inflation, suspension of lending and changes in the structure of the credit portfolio, challenges to exchange rate stability, and a decrease in the level of financial inclusion. Within the scope of solving these problems, a number of measures have been proposed to reduce the rate of price growth and ensure the exchange rate stability of the hryvnia, the gradual recovery and activation of the lending activities of banks, primarily in the field of long-term corporate lending in the national currency, and the restoration of the appropriate level of financial inclusion. Conclusions. The main tools for solving the problems of the monetary and credit system of Ukraine in the conditions of the war should be, in particular, further compliance with the policy of “expensive money”; limitation of emission and money supply growth rates; ensuring the joint responsibility of state institutions in the process of implementing monetary policy; synchronization of yield levels of NBU and OVDP certificates of deposit; decrease in the share of foreign currency loans and deposits; export promotion; restoration of the mandatory sale of part of the foreign currency earnings of exporters; growth in the supply of cash currency; use of non-monetary instruments of anti-inflation policy; improvement of the method of mandatory reservation of the funds involved; increasing the yield of household deposits; settlement of the “new” NPL problem; creation of a specialized state institution for NPL management; involvement of state banks in lending to reconstruction projects; stimulation of mortgage lending; resumption of work of bank branches; organization of work of mobile departments; temporary moratorium on closing branches of state banks; further development of the POWER BANKING system; provision of post offices with ATMs and payment terminals; implementation of a training course on financial literacy; creation of a single communication platform on financial literacy issues; providing support to the elderly in non-cash payment skills.
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