Indigenous Plants of Pakistan for the Treatment of Diabetes: A Review

Abstract

Diabetes is the most growing disease and becoming the third ‘killer’ of mankind, after cancer and cardiovascular diseases due to its high prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. According to the Diabetes Prevalence Survey of Pakistan (2017), approximately 21.9 million adult population of Pakistan is suffering from diabetes mellitus. Pakistan’s National Diabetes Survey stated that 26 percent of Pakistanis are victims of diabetes. According to a fresh survey (2017) conducted by Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar “One in every six persons is diabetic in Pakistan”. The severity of this disease is increasing day by day in the world as well as in Pakistan. As Pakistan is a developing country, it is impossible to provide modern medical facilities for the treatment of diabetes to every person. But indigenous medicinal plants are the potential candidates to cure this disease. A variety of chemical compounds (i.e. polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolic content, tannins, saponin and glycoside) present in the various parts of the indigenous plants e.g. leaves, roots, stem, wood, fruit, seeds, flowers etc which alone or with the combination of other compounds gives superior effects in the management of this disease. This review will provide information about the antidiabetic potential of indigenous plants of Pakistan along with the local names, there region of availability in Pakistan, and there antidiabetic bioactive compounds which are reported in research studies.

Centella asiatica: A traditional herbal medicine

“…A crude plant extract, as well as the glycoside isothankuniside and its derivative methyl 6-diketo-3, -5-hydroxy-3 (or 24) -nor-urs-12-ene-28-oate inhibited fertility in female mice [48].…”

Antioxidant rich medicinal plants as a potential candidate to treat gastric ulcer

“…In recent years, medicinal plants have gained special attention of scientific community in treating various diseases and disorders of both humans and animals (Al-Sarraj, 2021;Ashraf et al, 2021;Hussain et al, 2021b;Majeed et al, 2021;Moryani et al, 2021;Murtaza et al, 2021;Rafay et al, 2021;Wajiha & Qureshi, 2021;Aidy et al, 2022;Doudach et al, 2022;Naseer et al, 2022;Saif et al, 2022). The extracts of medicinal plants comprising of standardized contents of flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, vitamins and minerals have been investigated for their total antioxidant activity and these medicinal plants have also been reported for the treatment of gastric ulcer by ameliorating the oxidative stress in the body (Table No.…”

Uncodified system of animal health care in Eastern Himalaya and Indo-Burma hotspots of India: Plant use and their distribution

“…tobacum is used by Mising, Tai-Aiton, Santhal, Ahoms, Kalitas, Tiwa, Boro, Misings, Kacharis, Hajong, and Deoris to treat their livestock for hen lice infestation, fungal infection, and ticks attack in Assam state of northeast India (Soren et al, 2021;Gogoi and Bohra, 2021;Gogoi, 2022). disorders has been described in several past cultures (Ifeoma and Oluwakanyinsola, 2013;Majeed et al, 2021)".…”