Influence of immune status on the airborne colonization of piglets with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clonal complex (CC) 398

Rosen, Kerstin; Ebner, Friederike; Schmidt, Stefanie; Hartmann, Susanne; Merle, Roswitha; Friese, Anika; Roesler, Uwe

doi:10.1556/1886.2019.00024

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…It has been proposed that the piglets' immature immune system might affect their susceptibility to LA-MRSA . However, a recent study could not find a connection between piglets' immune status and LA-MRSA colonisation (Rosen et al 2020). The LA-MRSA colonisation dynamics in sows and gilts during breeding and gestation are also poorly understood.…”

Section: La-mrsa In Pigsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Control strategies for LA-MRSA in Swedish pig production: A disease modelling approach

Tuominen¹

2023

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae

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Antimicrobial resistance is a threat to global health. Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) is a category of multiresistant bacteria that primarily colonises livestock animals. While pigs are considered its main reservoir, LA-MRSA is zoonotic and causes an occupational risk to those working with livestock. However, LA-MRSA is also capable of spreading to humans without livestock contact. Although LA-MRSA carriers are usually asymptomatic, LA-MRSA can cause a wide range of infections in humans. The aim of this thesis was to use disease modelling to study the spread of LAMRSA and assess possible control strategies in a Swedish farrow-to-finish pig herd—additionally, the thesis aimed to fill knowledge gaps regarding the survival of LA-MRSA in the farm environment. The modelling studies concluded that eradicating LA-MRSA is challenging. Early detection and introduction of control measures were considerably more effective in lowering the within-herd prevalence than measures that were implemented when LA-MRSA had become established in the herd. The time to disease elimination was at least 300 days even with the most effective control measures that were introduced early at the outbreak phase of disease spread. In an experimental study, the survival of LA-MRSA strains belonging to the clonal complex (CC) 398 varied on different surface materials (concrete, polypropylene plastic and stainless steel). This finding can be beneficial when planning efficient cleaning and disinfection routines in pig farms. In conclusion, investing in early detection and intensive early control measures may be justified if a low LA-MRSA prevalence country aims to have LA-MRSAfree pig herds.

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Section: La-mrsa In Pigsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Control strategies for LA-MRSA in Swedish pig production: A disease modelling approach

Tuominen¹

2023

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae

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“…Livestock-associated-methicillin-resistant S. aureus can also be transmitted from sows to piglets [100,[104][105][106]]. An experimental study demonstrated the transmission of LA-MRSA from sows to all newborn piglets [107].…”

Section: Pig-pig Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, LA-MRSA was also seen in piglets from LA-MRSA-negative sows, indicating the involvement of other factors. In this context, Rosen et al [106] reported differences in LA-MRSA colonization between different farrow-to-finish pig farms, that is, farms with high LA-MRSA colonization to those with low LA-MRSA colonization. In this study, each pig farm can be considered a closed system where different factors, such as environmental pollution, may affect the LA-MRSA colonization in pigs.…”

Section: Pig-pig Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An experimental study demonstrated the transmission of LA-MRSA from sows to all newborn piglets [ 107 ]. Moreover, other studies also reported that piglets from LA-MRSA-positive sows tended to become LA-MRSA-positive [ 105 , 106 ]. However, LA-MRSA was also seen in piglets from LA-MRSA-negative sows, indicating the involvement of other factors.…”

Section: Pig–pig Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of new emerging livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from pig farms

et al. 2023

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a S. aureus strain resistant to β-lactam antibiotics and is often associated with livestock, known as livestock-associated (LA)-MRSA. Using molecular typing with multi-locus sequence typing, MRSA clones have been classified in pigs, including clonal complex 398. Livestock-associated-methicillin-resistant S. aureus was first discovered in pigs in the Netherlands in 2005. Since then, it has been widely detected in pigs in other countries. Livestock-associated-methicillin-resistant S. aureus can be transmitted from pigs to pigs, pigs to humans (zoonosis), and humans to humans. This transmission is enabled by several risk factors involved in the pig trade, including the use of antibiotics and zinc, the size and type of the herd, and the pig pen management system. Although LA-MRSA has little impact on the pigs' health, it can be transmitted from pig to pig or from pig to human. This is a serious concern as people in direct contact with pigs are highly predisposed to acquiring LA-MRSA infection. The measures to control LA-MRSA spread in pig farms include conducting periodic LA-MRSA screening tests on pigs and avoiding certain antibiotics in pigs. This study aimed to review the emerging LA-MRSA strains in pig farms.

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“…In this context, new antimicrobial molecules are the focus of current research, but the use of immunostimulants to increase animal resilience at critical phases of animal production is a strategy that is also gaining interest [3]. For example, during the transport, housing, or weaning processes, livestock regularly suffer immunosuppression, metabolic dysregulation, and, as a result, the development of concomitant diseases [4]. In this scenario, immunostimulants hold the potential to boost the immune response to act faster and more efficiently when mitigating opportunistic pathogen infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Oral Nanoparticles Containing Cytokines as Intestinal Mucosal Immunostimulants in Pigs: A Pilot Study

López-Cano

Bach

López-Serrano

et al. 2022

Animals

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Antimicrobial resistance is a global threat that is worryingly rising in the livestock sector. Among the proposed strategies, immunostimulant development appears an interesting approach to increase animal resilience at critical production points. The use of nanoparticles based on cytokine aggregates, called inclusion bodies (IBs), has been demonstrated as a new source of immunostimulants in aquaculture. Aiming to go a step further, the objective of this study was to produce cytokine nanoparticles using a food-grade microorganism and to test their applicability to stimulate intestinal mucosa in swine. Four cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) involved in inflammatory response were produced recombinantly in Lactococcus lactis in the form of protein nanoparticles (IBs). They were able to stimulate inflammatory responses in a porcine enterocyte cell line (IPEC-J2) and alveolar macrophages, maintaining high stability at low pH and high temperature. In addition, an in vivo assay was conducted involving 20 piglets housed individually as a preliminary exploration of the potential effects of IL-1β nanoparticles in piglet intestinal mucosa after a 7 d oral administration. The treated animals tended to have greater levels of TNF-α in the blood, indicating that the tested dose of nanoparticles tended to generate an inflammatory response in the animals. Whether this response is sufficient to increase animal resilience needs further evaluation.

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Influence of immune status on the airborne colonization of piglets with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clonal complex (CC) 398

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Control strategies for LA-MRSA in Swedish pig production: A disease modelling approach

Control strategies for LA-MRSA in Swedish pig production: A disease modelling approach

A review of new emerging livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from pig farms

Potential of Oral Nanoparticles Containing Cytokines as Intestinal Mucosal Immunostimulants in Pigs: A Pilot Study

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