Influence of Smoking on Serum and Milk of Mothers, and Their Infants’ Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 Levels

Ermiş, Bahri; Altınkaynak, Konca; Yıldırım, Abdülkadir; Özkan, Behzat

doi:10.1159/000081974

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Only a negligible increase in second trimester AFP associated with smoking has been reported [24]. Similarly, the absence of an effect of smoking on first trimester IGFs is in line with observations obtained soon after childbirth [41] or outside pregnancy [36, 28, 42]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Maternal hormones during early pregnancy: a cross-sectional study

Chen

Lundin

Grankvist

et al. 2010

Cancer Causes Control

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Background-Little is known about correlates of first trimester pregnancy hormones as in most studies maternal hormones have been measured later in gestation. We examined the associations of maternal characteristics and child sex with first trimester maternal concentrations of 4 hormones implicated in breast cancer: human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), α-fetoprotein (AFP), insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-II.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Maternal hormones during early pregnancy: a cross-sectional study

Chen

Lundin

Grankvist

et al. 2010

Cancer Causes Control

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“…Similar to our findings, Pringle et al [ 22 ] observed that cord plasma IGF-I concentrations were lower in the babies of mothers who smoked, but IGF-II concentrations were unaffected by smoking status. In contrast, Ermis et al [ 23 ] analyzed 44 mother-infant (7-days old) pairs and observed no significant difference in IGF-I concentrations in infant serum samples according to maternal smoking status. The reasons could be due to small sample size and difference in the timing of IGF-I detection (at birth vs. after birth).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Maternal Smoking and Metabolic Health Biomarkers in Newborns

et al. 2015

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BackgroundMaternal smoking has been associated with elevated risk of type 2 diabetes among the offspring in adulthood. The mechanisms underlying this fetal “programming” effect remain unclear. The present study sought to explore whether maternal smoking affects metabolic health biomarkers in fetuses/newborns.MethodsIn a prospective singleton pregnancy cohort (n = 248), we compared metabolic health biomarkers in the newborns of smoking and non-smoking mothers. Outcomes included cord plasma insulin, proinsulin, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-II, leptin and adiponectin concentrations, glucose-to-insulin ratio (an indicator of insulin sensitivity) and proinsulin-to-insulin ratio (an indicator of β-cell function).ResultsIndependent of maternal (glucose tolerance, age, ethnicity, parity, education, body mass index, alcohol use) and infant (sex, gestational age, birth weight z score, mode of delivery, cord blood glucose concentration) characteristics, the newborns of smoking mothers had lower IGF-I concentrations (mean: 6.7 vs. 8.4 nmol/L, adjusted p = 0.006), and marginally higher proinsulin-to-insulin ratios (0.94 vs. 0.72, adjusted p = 0.06) than the newborns of non-smoking mothers. Cord plasma insulin, proinsulin, IGF-II, leptin and adiponectin concentrations and glucose-to-insulin ratios were similar in the newborns of smoking and non-smoking mothers.ConclusionsMaternal smoking was associated with decreased fetal IGF-I levels, and borderline lower fetal β-cell function. Larger cohort studies are required to confirm the latter finding. The preliminary findings prompt the hypothesis that these early life metabolic changes may be involved in the impact of maternal smoking on future risk of metabolic syndrome related disorders in the offspring.

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“…Pringle et al [26] showed that maternal tobacco smoking increased levels of GH and IGF-I in the foetus. Ermis et al [10] demonstrated that maternal smoking (5-10 cigarettes/day) did not influence the infant serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3. Likewise we found that maternal smoking (20.1±5.4 cigarettes/day) did not decrease significantly levels of these peptides in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of maternal smoking on neonatal aortic intima-media thickness, serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels

et al. 2007

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Epidemiological studies have reported associations between a range of cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking and intima-media thickness (IMT). Some reports indicate that the maternal tobacco smoking causes disturbances of the endocrine status of the foetus. There are several potential mechanisms by which insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) could modify atherosclerotic processes either locally or in a systemic manner. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of maternal smoking on neonatal aortic IMT (aIMT), serum IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels. Aortic intima-media thickness was measured in 28 neonates whose mothers smoked during the pregnancy and 28 control neonates. Mean and weight-adjusted aIMT were significantly greater in the neonates whose mothers smoked (0.455 +/- 0.009 mm and 0.151 +/- 0.005 mm/kg, respectively) than in controls (0.403 +/- 0.029 mm and 0.118 +/- 0.014 mm/kg, respectively). Birth-weight of newborns whose mothers smoked was less than that of the controls. The decreases in serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 observed in the infants whose mothers smoked were non-significant. Mean aIMT was negatively associated with birth-weight and IGF-I level. In conclusion, neonates whose mothers smoked have significantly increased aIMT. It might play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in adult life.

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Influence of Smoking on Serum and Milk of Mothers, and Their Infants’ Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 Levels

Cited by 6 publications

References 53 publications

Maternal hormones during early pregnancy: a cross-sectional study

Maternal hormones during early pregnancy: a cross-sectional study

Maternal Smoking and Metabolic Health Biomarkers in Newborns

Influence of maternal smoking on neonatal aortic intima-media thickness, serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels

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