Influence of Three Dental Implant Surfaces on Cell Viability and Bone Behavior. An In Vitro and a Histometric Study in a Rabbit Model

Abstract

The chemical composition and the surface characteristics of dental implants are factors that have a decisive effect on the osseointegration process. The surface characterization at the compositional and topographic level of three dental implants available in the market was performed with different surface treatments: (1) sandblasted and acid etched surface (SLA), (2) hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) blasted surface (HA/TCP), and (3) HA-blasted and non-etching acid washed surface (HA + AW). In addition, an in vitro viability study of MG-63 osteoblast cells was performed with a JC-1 test. To complete the study, an in vivo study was conducted in New Zealand rabbits. The study analyzed the histometric characteristics of the bone formed around the implants at the level of area, volume, bone density, accumulated bone density, and bone–implant contact (BIC). The rabbits were sacrificed at 6 weeks after implants were placed in the tibial metaphysis. No statistically significant differences were observed at the level of cell viability or histometric parameters between the different study groups (p > 0.05). SLA and HA/TCP surfaces were the ones that obtained a higher BIC value. Taking into account the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that the different implant surfaces analyzed favor a good bone response.

Assessing the Cleanliness of Dental Implants Using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy Analysis—A SEM and EDS In Vitro Study

“…This difference can be attributed to different analysis parameters, such as acceleration voltage and sampling method. In this study, 5 kV and spot sampling with 400× magnification were used, while Rizo-Gorrita et al [ 41 ] used 20 kV and areal sampling with 3000× magnification. In addition, analysis of suspected carbon contaminants identified using BSE mode is more accurate than random area sampling.…”

Histologic and Histomorphometric Evaluation of a New Bioactive Liquid BBL on Implant Surface: A Preclinical Study in Foxhound Dogs

“…Alternatively, resorbable blast media (RBM) and sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA) surface implants were found to be safely preferable with proper case selection [ 8 ]. Furthermore, UMUT-SLA and tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite (TCP/HA) surfaces improved the BIC value, and induced accumulated bone density during the osseointegration period (six weeks) [ 9 , 10 ]. Moreover, modifying the surface of the titanium implant with ultrafine-grain titanium (UFG-59-Ti) results in superior mechanical properties and maintained cytocompatibility and osseointegration potential [ 11 ].…”