Inner and middle ear function in children of the first year of life according to multivariate analysis

Abstract

This article is devoted to the assessment of the influence of high-frequency tympanogram parameters on otoacoustic emission at the frequency of distortion product in children of the first year of life. Materials and methods: 625 children of different gestation ages participated in the study. All children were divided into 4 groups depending on the gestation age. The first group included children born before 28 weeks, the second at 29–32 weeks, the third at 33–36 weeks, and the fourth full-term babies (37–40 weeks). At the beginning of the study high frequency tympanometry at 1000 Hz was performed to all the children, after which these children’s condition of the inner ear was evaluated using otoacoustic emission at the frequency of the distortion product. The hearing function of all the children was examined in 3, 6 and 12 months. Tympanogram analysis included tympanogram width, the static compliance, the intratympanic pressure, the index of acoustic compliance, the power of the snail response and the amplitude of the snail response at frequencies of 1, 2, 4 and 6 kHz. After determination of the indices, multivariate analysis was carried out using methods of main components with varimax normalized rotation of axes in factor space. Results: The carried out multivariate analysis showed that the condition and development of the peripheral section of the auditory analyzer is determined by the child’s age at the time of the examination. Such parameters of tympanometry as the static composition and the index of acoustic compliance had an effect on the values of otoacoustic emission in a group aged up to 28 weeks, 33–36 weeks and 37–40 weeks at 12 months, and in the group 29–32 in 6 months of life.

Frequency Response Dynamics of Cochlea in Preterm Infants by Otoacoustic Emission

“…Вышеуказанные особенности динамики частотно зависимых ответов улитки могут быть связаны с продолжающимся созреванием не только рецепторного аппарата органа Корти недоношенных детей, но и структур звукопроводящей системы среднего уха, а именно с увеличением резонаторной частоты среднего уха и его адмиттанса [12,13].…”