Interaction between root lesion nematode,<i>Pratylenchus neglectus</i>(Rensch 1924) Chitwood and Oteifa 1952, and root rotting fungi of wheat

Taheri, Abbas; Hollamby, G. J.; Vanstone, Vivien A.; Neate, Stephen M.

doi:10.1080/01140671.1994.9513823

Cited by 42 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…No interference between fungi, direct or indirect via modification of plant defenses, needs to be invoked to explain differences in colonization. We did see evidence that if a root was injured, the root was more susceptible to nonmycorrhizal fungal or fungal-like colonization, which is consistent with numerous studies that indicate secondary fungal infection following injury by nematodes (Taheri et al 1994;van der Stoel et al 2002) and insects (Graham et al 2003). Uninjured new roots may also be more susceptible to fungal pathogens if, due to limited energy reserves, their cell membranes are leaky and attractive to pathogens (Katan 2002;Graham et al 2003;Bais et al 2006).…”

Section: Lack Of Colonization By Both Mycorrhizal and Nonmycorrhizal supporting

confidence: 88%

Early events in the life of apple roots: variation in root growth rate is linked to mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal fungal colonization

2008

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Early events of mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal fungal colonization in newly-emerging roots of mature apple (Malus domestica Borkh) trees were characterized to determine the relationship of these events to fine root growth rate and development. New roots were traced on root windows to measure growth and then collected and stained to quantify microscopically the presence of mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal fungal structures. Most new roots were colonized by either mycorrhizal or nonmycorrhizal fungi but none less 25 days old were ever internally colonized by both. Compared to nonmycorrhizal colonization, mycorrhizal colonization was associated with faster growing roots and roots that grew for a longer duration, leading to longer roots. While either type of fungi was observed in roots as soon as 3 days after root emergence, intraradical colonization by mycorrhizal fungi was generally faster (peaking at 7 to 15 days) than that by nonmycorrhizal fungi and often occurred more frequently in younger roots. Only 15 to 35% of the roots had no fungal colonization by 30 days after emergence. This study provides the first detailed examination of the early daily events of mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal fungal colonization in newly emerging roots under field conditions. We observed marked discrimination of roots between mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal fungi and provide evidence that mycorrhizal fungi may select for faster growing roots and possibly influence the duration of root growth by non-nutritional means.

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Section: Lack Of Colonization By Both Mycorrhizal and Nonmycorrhizal supporting

confidence: 88%

Early events in the life of apple roots: variation in root growth rate is linked to mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal fungal colonization

2008

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“…Vascular wilt diseases are uncommon in cereals, being litnited to Cephalosporium stripe {Cephalosporium gramineum), which occurs in only a small number of cool-temperature wheat-producing regions (39). There have been few studies of interactions of nematodes with root-rotting fungi on cereals (5,23,24,37,45). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taheri et al (45) also described complex interactions between P. negiectus and a broad range of root-infecting fungal pathogens on wheat. They determined that numbers of nematodes and severity of root lesions were typically greater on roots that were co-infected than on roots infected with only one of these pathogens.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Co-inoculation with Pratylenchus thornei and Fusarium culmorum on Growth and Yield of Winter Wheat

2013

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Hajihassani, A., Smiley, R. W., and Afshar, F. J. 2013. Effects of co-inoculation with Pratylenchus thomei and Fusarium culmorum on growth and yield of winter wheat. Plant Dis. 97:1470-1477.Growth and yield of winter wheat are suppressed by Pratylenchus thomei and by Fusarium culmorum. Many fields in cereal production regions throughout the world are infested by both pathogens. We evaluated effects of one or both pathogens on winter wheat growth, grain yield, and disease parameters at heading and harvest stages over 2 years in inoculated, rainfed pots incubated outdoors. P. thornei nematodes were inoculated at 1, 2, or 4 nematodes/g of soil and F. culmorum was added as colonized millet seed at 0.65 g/kg of soil. At harvest, compared with the noninoculated control, the high rate of P. thornei reduced {P < 0.05) plant height, shoot weight, root weight, and grain yield by 19, 17, 48, and 31%, respectively. F. culmorum alone reduced these parameters by 15, 16, 22, and 22%, respectively. Co-inoculations caused reductions of 27, 38, 61, and 63%, respectively. The reproductive rate of P. thomei was not greatly affected by co-inoculation with F. culmorum. Disease severity ratings at both plant growth stages became amplified as the nematode density was increased, and were much greater in the presence of both pathogens. Effects of co-inoculation on grain yield were slightly greater than predicted by additive effects of the individual pathogens, suggesting a synergistic effect on yield depression.Production of cereals is constrained globally by root diseases caused by plant-parasitic nematodes and plant-pathogenic fungi. Nematodes most commonly associated with economic damage to wheat {Triticum aestivum L.), barley {Hordeum vulgäre L.), and oat {Avena sativa L.) include the root-lesion nematodes Pratyletichus negiectus (Rench) Filipjev Schuurmanns & Stekhoven and P. thornei Sher & Allen, and the cereal cyst nematodes Heterodera avenae WolL, H. filipjevi Madzhidov, and H. latipons Franklin (35,43). Likewise, essentially all temperate cereal-production regions are infested by pathogens causing root diseases such as Fusarium crown rot {Fusarium culmorum (W.G. Sm.) Sacc. and F. pseudograminearum O'Donnell & T. Aoki), common root rot {Bi-polaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker), Rhizoctonia root rot {Rhi-zoctonia solani J.G. Ktibn AG-8), Pythium root rot (multiple species of Pythium Pringsheim), and take-all {Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici J. Walker) (39). The international literature is expansive for cereal diseases caused by these nematodes and fungi. However, most reports are focused upon the biology and management of a single causal agent. Reports of associations between species of nematodes, species of fungi, or of nematodes and fungi are much less common.Interactions between root-invading nematodes and root-infecting fungi have been known for more than a century (2). However, most reviews and individual reports have addressed interactions of nematodes with vascular wilt fungi such as Verticillium dahliae and F. oxyspor...

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“…Agri- cultural machines are also considered as an important means for distributing cysts to other sites (Smiley & Nicol 2009). The high densities of CCN in soil probably will increase the occurrence of synergistic interactions with common root rot caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana (Smiley et al 1994, Taheri et al 1994, which also is suspected to increase yield loss in barley (Schölz 2001, Abidou et al 2002.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of the Cereal Cyst Nematodes (Heterodera spp.) in Wheat and Barley Fields in North-Eastern Regions of Syria

et al. 2015

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Cereal cyst nematodes (CCN) are important plant-parasitic nematodes of wheat and barley, and exist in most of the cereal growing regions of the world. As there is limited information on the nature and distribution of CCN species in Syria, a survey was conducted in north-eastern Syria to assess the distribution of CCN in the main wheat and barley growing areas. In the summer of 2009, a total of 167 composite soil samples were collected from 167 wheat and barley fields. Cysts were extracted from soil using the Fenwick can technique, then quantified and identified up to the species level by using both morphological and molecular methods. The study revealed that 62% of the fields were infested with the three Heterodera species: H. avenae, H. filipjevi and H. latipons. However, the most prevalent species was H. latipons, which was present in 76% of the infested samples, while it occurred alone in 67% of those samples. Heterodera avenae was detected singly in 20% of the samples, while 11% consisted of mixed populations with other species. Heterodera filipjevi was never detected alone; it was found mixed with H. avenae and/or H. latipons in 9% of the samples. The high number of extracted cysts (up to 116 cysts × 200 g -1 of soil) is most likely related to the monoculture practiced in that region and the fact that growers are unaware of the existence of resistant varieties.

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Interaction between root lesion nematode,Pratylenchus neglectus(Rensch 1924) Chitwood and Oteifa 1952, and root rotting fungi of wheat

Cited by 42 publications

References 8 publications

Early events in the life of apple roots: variation in root growth rate is linked to mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal fungal colonization

Early events in the life of apple roots: variation in root growth rate is linked to mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal fungal colonization

Effects of Co-inoculation with Pratylenchus thornei and Fusarium culmorum on Growth and Yield of Winter Wheat

Distribution of the Cereal Cyst Nematodes (Heterodera spp.) in Wheat and Barley Fields in North-Eastern Regions of Syria

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