Internal and External Features of the Face Are Represented Holistically in Face-Selective Regions of Visual Cortex

Andrews, Timothy J.; Davies‐Thompson, Jodie; Kingstone, Alan; Young, Andrew W.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4863-09.2010

Cited by 135 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Similarly, there are effects involving the face-sensitive N170 ERP (Jacques & Rossion, 2009;Kuefner et al, 2010), and the steady-state visual evoked potential has obvious promise (Norcia et al, 2015;Alp et al, 2016;Rossion, 2017). Whilst these neurophysiological findings are at present based mainly on studies involving unfamiliar faces (but see Andrews et al, 2010) they converge with our demonstration from familiar faces of a strong underlying perceptual basis for the composite face effect. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…For example fMRI has shown release from adaptation based on the composite face illusion in visual areas selective to faces in the ventral stream (Schiltz & Rossion, 2006;Andrews et al, 2010;Schiltz et al, 2010). Since these effects arise even with completely incidental tasks (such as detecting a red dot superimposed on some stimuli) in regions considered to be primarily 'visual' in nature, it seems unlikely that decision processes play a significant role.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interaction between social categories in the composite face paradigm.

Chen

Ren

Young

et al. 2018

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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The composite face paradigm (Young, Hellawell, & Hay, 1987) is widely used to demonstrate holistic perception of faces (Rossion, 2013). In the paradigm, parts from different faces (usually the top and bottom halves) are recombined. The principal criterion for holistic perception is that responses involving the component parts of composites in which the parts are aligned into a face-like configuration are slower and less accurate than responses to the same parts in a misaligned (not face-like) format. This is often taken as evidence that seeing a whole face in the aligned condition interferes with perceiving its separate parts, but it remains unclear to what extent the composite face effect also reflects contributions from other potential sources of interference. We present a new variant of the paradigm involving composites created from top and bottom parts of familiar faces drawn from orthogonal social categories of gender and occupation. This allows us to examine the contributions of differences in relatively visual properties (gender) or relatively semantic properties (occupation) to composite interference and to measure whether variation in a task-irrelevant category (e.g., differences in gender across the parts of the composite when the task is to categorize the occupation of one of the parts) will influence the size of the composite effect. Our findings show that the composite face effect can be modulated by task-irrelevant social categories and that this interference is primarily visual in nature because the influence of face gender is more direct and more consistent than the influence of occupation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between social categories in the composite face paradigm.

Chen

Ren

Young

et al. 2018

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

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“…Sex categorization times on correct trials did not differ across the three types of dyads [F(2,22) = .24, p = .79]. Rossion et al, 2012;Weiner & Grill-Spector, 2010) and replicate reports according to which face-selective activity is right-lateralized and elicited more consistently in the FFA than the OFA (e.g., Andrews, Davies-Thompson, Kingstone, & Young, 2010;Engell & McCarthy, 2013;. Mean parameter estimates in all five ROIs were extracted from the main experiment for each participant (see Figure 3).…”

Section: Behavioral Analysissupporting

confidence: 65%

The neural basis of perceiving person interactions

Quadflieg

Gentile

Rossion³

2015

Cortex

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“…Specifically, the OFA and FFA, which are primarily involved in recognition of individual identity (Grill-Spector et al, 2004), are sensitive to different aspects of faces (Liu et al, 2010). The OFA is sensitive to the presence of face parts (Pitcher et al, 2007;Harris and Aguirre, 2008;Andrews et al, 2010), whereas the FFA is preferentially involved in analyzing the configuration among them (Barton et al, 2002;Yovel and Kanwisher, 2004;Schiltz and Rossion, 2006;Rotshtein et al, 2007;Schiltz et al, 2010). Further, typical face processing requires the interaction of the OFA and FFA, because the FFA, for example, can be preserved in an individual with a lesion to the OFA and suffering from prosopagnosia (i.e., severe deficits in face recognition) (Rossion et al, 2003;Steeves et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resting-State Neural Activity across Face-Selective Cortical Regions Is Behaviorally Relevant

Zhu

Zhang²,

Luo³

et al. 2011

Journal of Neuroscience

123

118

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Interest has increased recently in correlations across brain regions in the resting-state fMRI blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response, but little is known about the functional significance of these correlations. Here we directly test the behavioral relevance of the resting-state correlation between two face-selective regions in human brain, the occipital face area (OFA) and the fusiform face area (FFA). We found that the magnitude of the resting-state correlation, henceforth called functional connectivity (FC), between OFA and FFA correlates with an individual's performance on a number of face-processing tasks, not non-face tasks. Further, we found that the behavioral significance of the OFA/FFA FC is independent of the functional activation and the anatomical size of either the OFA or FFA, suggesting that face processing depends not only on the functionality of individual face-selective regions, but also on the synchronized spontaneous neural activity between them. Together, these findings provide strong evidence that the functional correlations in the BOLD response observed at rest reveal functionally significant properties of cortical processing. IntroductionRecently a number of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have investigated neural activity in the human brain during periods of rest (when no stimuli are presented and no tasks are performed), and found that the spontaneous blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) fluctuations are not random, but correlated across cortical regions with similar functional properties [for review, see Fox and Raichle (2007) and Greicius (2008)]. Further, these functional correlations are thought to reflect functional relationships mediated by anatomical connections (e.g., Vincent et al., 2007;Greicius et al., 2009;Honey et al., 2009). However, despite the abundance of work finding such correlations across cortical regions, little is known about the functional significance of these correlations: is synchronized spontaneous neural activity across cortical regions relevant for behavior, or is it merely epiphenomenal? Here we addressed this question by directly testing the behavioral significance of the resting-state correlations between two face-selective regions in the occipitotemporal cortex that are primarily involved in recognition of individual identity (Haxby et al., 2000;Calder and Young, 2005;Ishai, 2008)-the occipital face area (OFA) (Gauthier et al., 2000) and the fusiform face area (FFA) (Kanwisher et al., 1997)-found to be functionally correlated using resting-state fMRI (Nir et al., 2006;Zhang et al., 2009).First, we calculated the correlation in spontaneous BOLD fluctuations between OFA and FFA during the resting state in participants, and then behaviorally tested the same participants outside the scanner on a number of face and non-face tasks. If the correlation in spontaneous BOLD fluctuations between OFA and FFA, henceforth referred to as functional connectivity (FC), is behaviorally relevant, then we predict that the magnitude of the OF...

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Internal and External Features of the Face Are Represented Holistically in Face-Selective Regions of Visual Cortex

Cited by 135 publications

References 35 publications

Interaction between social categories in the composite face paradigm.

Interaction between social categories in the composite face paradigm.

The neural basis of perceiving person interactions

Resting-State Neural Activity across Face-Selective Cortical Regions Is Behaviorally Relevant

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